This paper examines the role of economic diplomacy, which is the activity of managing economic relationships between countries, in increasing the value of exports to Mediterranean countries in the case of Slovenia. Additionally, it also examines the role of economic promotion (especially trade promotion), which is one of the main activities of economic diplomacy, in increasing exports to the aforesaid countries in the same case. However, neither economic diplomacy nor economic promotion are panaceas for economic mismanagement, which is one of the main reasons for the current financial and economic crisis in Slovenia and certain other countries, mainly in Southern Europe. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2014.v3n3p10