UPOREDNOPRAVNE PROMENE STATUSA TRANSRODNIH OSOBA

The experiences of countries all around the world show that there is no single, the same and universally applicable scenario of legal changes in terms of regulating the status of transgender people. The process most commonly begins by providing gender reassignment hormonal surgery procedures, which are followed by the legal recognition of a new gender identity. The next step necessarily implies the need to enact legislation to regulate the so-called social gender or gender identity, according to the right to self-determination of transgender persons, which is unrelated to previously undertaken medical treatment and gender reassignment surgery. Some countries have gone far in the implementation of this third step, while others have not taken even the first steps. Notably, different initiatives and events may be observed worldwide, many of which constitute the necessary "first steps" aimed at increasing the social acceptance of gender diversity. These steps may seem small and insufficient, but they are actually huge and significant in breaking the sanctity of the binary gender division and accepting specific transgender individuals. All the steps are based on the need to protect all people, including transgender people, from discrimination, violence, different forms of victimization, and other impacts of neglecting gender identity. Once gender identity becomes legally protected, it is possible to gradually build procedures and other types of legal protection mechanisms designed for all people whose gender identity differs from the rigid binary division into women and men, as the only identity options. In Serbia, there is still a significant lack of legal regulations on the status of transgender persons, which implies that there is much room for improvement in this area. While it would be easy to keep ignoring this issue, it would be irresponsible to exclude transgender persons from the analysis of social phenomena involving marginalization and victimization.Iskustva drugih zemalja sa raznih krajeva sveta, dokazuju da ne postoji jedan isti, svuda primenljiv scenario zakonskih promena u pogledu regulisanja statusa trans osoba. Najčešće se počinje faktičkim omogućavanjem hormonalno operativnih procedura prilagođavanja pola, čemu nužno sledi pravno priznavanje novostečenog rodnog identiteta, da bi se kao sledeći korak javila potreba za zakonskim regulisanjem tzv. socijalnog/društvenog roda, ili rodnog identiteta shodno ličnom opredeljenju transrodnih osoba nevezano za medicinske tretmana i procese prilagođavanja. U nekim zemljama se daleko otišlo u realizaciji tog, već trećeg koraka, dok ponegde nije realizovan ni prvi korak. Ipak, gotovo svuda u svetu danas mogu da se uoče inicijative i događaji koji mogu da predstavljaju neophodne “prve korake” u povećanju društvenog prihvatanja rodnih različitosti. Kada rodni identitet postane zakonom zaštićena karakteristika, onda se polako grade procedure i druge vrste pravno zasnovanih zaštitnih mehanizama svih čiji rodni identitet odstupa od rigidnosti binarne podele na žene i muškarce kao jedine identitetske opcije. Kod nas još uvek postoji značajan nedostatak zakonskih propisa koji regulišu položaj i status transrodnih osoba. To znači da postoji mnogo prostora za poboljšanje upravo u toj oblasti. Iako bi bilo lako da se nastavi ignorisanje cele te oblasti, propuštanje inkluzije tematike transrodnosti u analize društvenih pojava marginalizacije i viktimizacije, bilo bi neodgovorno