Refractive Index Controlled Plasmon Tuning of Au Nanoparticles in SiO(2)-ZrO(2) Film Matrices

Au-plasmon tuning has been accomplished by controlling the refractive index (n) of the embedding film matrix. The refractive index of the film matrices were controlled by changing the molar ratios of low (SiO(2)) and high index (ZrO(2)) components following sol-gel reactions. Thus, Au nanoparticles doped films were prepared from SiO(2)-ZrO(2) inorganic-organic hybrid sols of variable molar ratios containing HAuCl(4) following the dip-coating method. The film samples deposited on glass substrates were obtained after drying, UV-treatment, and subsequent heat-treatment at 500 C in air. The nominal mol ratios of SiO(2):ZrO(2) were 1:0, 1:1, 1:2.3, and 1:4. 3 equivalent mol% Au-97% total oxide (SiO(2)+ZrO(2)) was maintained in the final heat-treated films. FTIR studies confirmed good homogeneity of Si-Zr network in the Zr-containing films. The UV-treatment has been introduced to facilitate the decomposition of HAuCl4 in the hybrid matrix prior to the heat-treatment step. The main Au-plasmon peak, in the case of a SiO(2) host (SiO(2):ZrO(2) = 1:0, n = 1.410), observed at about 546 nm, gradually red-shifted to 592 nm upon increasing the ZrO(2) content (SiO(2):ZrO(2) = 1:4, n = 1.847). Transmission electron microscopy of the final heat-treated (500 C) films showed existence of plate-like (triangular and hexagonal) Au nanoparticles (25-50 nm) along with relatively smaller nanoparticles of about 10 nm in size. X-ray diffraction patterns reveal that the Au nanoparticles have a (111) orientation