Ptolemaic Royal Women

According to the authors of this study, three elements are fundamental to analyze the political status of the Ptolemaic queens, from Berenice I to Cleopatra II (300-115 BCE): the dynastic cult and the representation of kings and queens in Egyptian temples; the enhancement of the couple in the dynastic propaganda; the establishment of the system of joint rule from 180 BCE onwards. These three elements will be examined successively, queen by queen, highlighting the major changes that have occurred. The observations presented here take into account all the available documentation (papyri, scenes in temples, inscriptions, stelae, coins, and literary sources) in the two languages (Egyptian and Greek) and three writings used in Hellenistic Egypt (hieroglyphic, demotic and Greek)