Diseases of the oral cavity and their prevention in preschool children

Usna šupljina je sastavni dio probavnog sustava, koji služi za žvakanje, pripremanje hrane za gutanje i gutanje. U njoj se nalaze zubi. Zubi mogu dobiti razne bolesti ako se ne provodi oralna higijena, odnosno prevencija bolesti. Bolesti zuba su zapravo jedne od najraširenijih bolesti na svijetu. Najčešće bolesti usne šupljine su karijes, gingivitis i parodontitis. Društvo u cijelom svijetu upoznato je s oralnom higijenom te mogućim nuspojavama koje nastaju ako se pravilno ne pridržavamo oralno-higijenskih navika. Važnost oralne higijene potiče roditelje da s djecom provode oralnu higijenu te da naviku istog prenesu na njih. Zapuštanjem oralne higijene može doći do mnogih bolesti usne šupljine, te je ona iz tog razloga najbolji način sprječavanja bolesti. Za zdravlje usne šupljine važna je i ishrana, odnosno odabir namirnica koje jedemo. U fazi razvoja bitna je količina bjelančevina, ugljikohidrata, masti, vitamina A, B, C, D i E i minerala, od kojih najviše kalcija, fosfora i fluora. Također, redovit odlazak stomatologu pomaže u prevenciji bolesti. Djeca predškolske dobi trebala bi biti upoznata s važnosti te pravilnosti održavanja oralne higijene.Oral cavity is a constituent part of the digestive system, which serves to chew, prepare food and swallow. Teeth are placed in the oral cavity and are prone to develop a variety of diseases if an oral hygiene is not properly maintained and thus prevented. Dental diseases are one of the most common problems in the world, with most occurring ones being caries, gingivitis and parodontitis. People around the world are well informed with the importance of the oral hygiene and possible consequences if it is not properly maintained. Its importance drives parents to perform it regularly on their children from the very early age and pass by that habit when the children are ready to wash their teeth by themselves. However, when the oral hygiene is not performed regularly nor properly, many oral cavity problems can develop, making the oral hygiene the best way to steer clear from the oral cavity problems. Health of the oral cavity is also affected by the diet. In the early stages of life, especially high growth stage, the balance of the proteins, carbohydrates and fats is very important, alongside with sufficient amount of vitamins A, B, C, D, E and minerals - mostly calcium, phosphorus and fluorine. It is equally important to have regular dentist appointments. Ultimately, pre-school children should be well aware of the importance of maintaining regular oral hygiene