A privacy awareness system for software design

There have been concerting policy and legal initiatives to mitigate the privacy harm resulting from badly designed software technology. But one main challenge to realizing these initiatives is the difficulty in translating proposed principles and regulations into concrete and verifiable evidence in technology. This is partly due to the lack of systematic techniques and tools to address privacy in the software design, hence making it difficult for the designer to measure disclosure risk in a more intuitive way, taking into account the privacy objective that matters to each end user. To bridge this gap, we propose a framework for verifying the satisfaction of user privacy objectives in software design. Our approach is based on the (un)awareness that users acquire when information is disclosed, as it relates to the communication properties of objects in a design. This property is used to determine the expected privacy utility that users will derive from the design for a specified privacy objective. We demonstrate through case studies how this approach can help designers determine which design decision undermines users’ privacy expectations and better design alternatives