Burkittov limfom u probavnom traktu: prikaz 2 slučaja

Burkitt lymphoma, a type of non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma, is the fastest growing human cancer, presenting pathologically with a ‘starry sky’ pattern. It is most often found in the abdomen and the jaw, however, localization in the abdomen other than the ileocecal area is very rare and described only in a handful of cases. Standard treatment consists of initial tumor cytoreduction followed by intense chemotherapy. Most of the relapses occur within one year of the diagnosis, while the 5-year survival is around 80%. We present two cases which are specific for unusual location of Burkitt lymphoma in the colon and stomach, in immunocompetent patients with negative Epstein-Barr virus tests. Also, one of the patients presented is one of the oldest ever reported with abdominal Burkitt lymphoma, while the other patient is an example of diagnostic difficulties in distinguishing Burkitt lymphoma from similar lymphomas. Due to the rapidly growing tumors and urgent need for cytoreductive surgery, it is crucial to consider the diagnosis of Burkitt lymphoma even in atypical localizations or absence of the common risk factors associated with Burkitt lymphoma.Burkittov limfom spada u non-Hodgkin B-stanične limfome te je najbrže rastući tumor u ljudi, a patološki se prezentira uzorkom ‘zvjezdanog neba’. Najčešće je lokaliziran u trbuhu i u čeljusti, međutim, lokalizacija u trbuhu izvan ileocekalnog područja je izrazito rijetka i opisana samo u nekoliko slučajeva. Uobičajeno liječenje se sastoji od inicijalne citoredukcije tumora nakon čega slijedi intenzivna kemoterapija. Većina recidiva javi se unutar jedne godine od dijagnoze, dok je petogodišnje preživljenje oko 80%. U članku prikazujemo dva slučaja koja su specifična zbog rijetke lokalizacije Burkittova limfoma u debelom crijevu i želudcu, u imunokompetentnih bolesnika s negativnim testom na Epstein-Barrov virus. Također, jedan od opisanih bolesnika je jedan od najstarijih slučajeva abdominalnog Burkittova limfoma opisanih u literaturi, dok slučaj drugog bolesnika naglašava izazove u dijagnostici Burkittova limfoma, osobito u bolesnika kod kojih se isti ne očekuje. S obzirom na brz rast tumora i hitnu potrebu citoreduktivne operacije važno je uzeti u obzir dijagnozu Burkittova limfoma čak i u bolesnika s netipičnom lokalizacijom tumora i bez uobičajnih rizičnih čimbenika povezanih s Burkittovim limfomom