This thesis is part of the project Digiplante in the MAS laboratory of Ecole Centrale Paris, in collaboration with the research unit G-water in the IRSTEA. In a context of scarcity of water resources, it is important to better promote the use of water in agricultural production. When designing decision support tools for farmers or farm managers, it is necessary to develop a quantitative approach to describe the interaction of water resources with crop production. In this context, the objective of this thesis is to propose a multidisciplinary methodology based on modeling the soilplant- atmosphere interaction with coupled models and on the strategy optimization for managing irrigation. The first contribution of this thesis is the development...