Distress Adherence and Quality of Life of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients in Indonesia

Purpose: This study is aimed to determine the correlation among distress, adherence and quality of life of diabetic patients. Methods: We used a cross-sectional design. Data were collected from diabetec patients at RSUD Abdul Azis Singkawang, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, RSUD Meranti and RSUD DOK II Jayapura during 2017 and 2018. Subjects were patients diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM), aged over 18, and under outpatient treatment at the hospitals in the aforementioned period. We used Diabetes-Distress Scale (DDS), Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-4 (MMAS-4) and EQ-5D to measure distress, adherence and quality of life, respectively. The Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to define the structure of distress, adherence and quality of life. Results: We recruited 231 patients. The average of blood sugars were high (> 150 mg/dl). The four dimensions of DDS were moderate (< 3.0), most of the patients were in moderate risk of not adherence (55.76%), the index of EQ-5D was around 0.7 and the VAS was around 70%. The deterioration of quality of life is significantly influenced by moderate risk of non- adherence and moderated distress. The deterioration of quality of life is dominantly influenced by the moderate distress level. The moderate risk of non-adherence is correlated with moderate distress. Conclusion: Patients’ distress has significant correlation with adherence. Distress and adherence have significant correlation with quality of life. The moderate risk of non- adherence of diabetic patients can cause the worse of clinical data, whereas can be the risk of diabetic complications. The psychological intervention can push the patients to cope with the disease and disease treatment. Keywords: distress, adherence, QoL, diabetes, Indonesi