What should the characteristics and attributes of an accredited nephrology training programme be? looking for high standards: table 1.

The Renal Section of the European Union of Medical Specialists is working towards harmonization and optimization of nephrology training across Europe and its Mediterranean borders. In addition to the need for harmonization of the heterogeneous time dedicated to training, it is necessary to ensure that the learning environment is of a sufficiently high standard to develop skilled specialists. Thus, there is a need to review the core educational infrastructure and resources that should be provided to trainees in order to be considered centres of excellence for nephrology training. This review addresses most of the characteristics and attributes that constitute a high-calibre training centre of excellence, considering that a training centre might not represent a single institution, but a network of institutions that provide a coordinated and complete curriculum to the trainee. The training institution should provide, apart from the classical current nephrological facilities (clinical nephrology, haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and transplantation), a number of other complementary facilities, including immunology, nephropathology-with a dedicated and expert renal pathologist-all the specialities of general medicine and general surgery and, in particular, vascular surgery, radiology and interventional radiology specialist services (renal biopsy, renal ultrasound and permanent vascular access) and intensive care unit. In addition to clinical training, a training centre of excellence should offer research facilities to allow trainees the opportunity to be involved in epidemiological, clinical, translational or basic scientific research. The training centres should ideally hold a certification of training accreditation. If the European and its Mediterranean border countries wish to guarantee a high standard of training in nephrology, their national health services need to recognize their responsibility towards the importance of doctor training, providing enough time for educational activities and investing in the resources required for high-standard specialist training