Clinical and tomographic assessment to evaluate the relation between gingival phenotype and buccal plate phenotype - a pilot study

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between buccal bone thickness and gingival phenotype of the anterior maxilla after clinical and tomographic evaluation. Methods: 66 teeth were analyzed clinically and in cone beam computed tomography scans. The data obtained from the CT scans corresponded to the thickness of the gingival margin, thickness of the buccal bone board in two regions: 2 and 4 mm apical to the bone crest (EO2 and EO4, respectively) and distance from the cemento-enamel junction to the bone crest. Clinically, the data obtained corresponded to the transparency of the probe in the gingival sulcus and tooth format. The data were grouped and related to the positioning of the tooth in the arch. Results: Tomographically, the measurements showed that the distance from the cemento-enamel junction to the bone crest was higher in canines when compared to the central incisors. The gingival thickness also presented lower values in canines when compared with central incisors. Regarding bone thickness, the values found were similar for all teeth. Only five teeth (7,57%) had bone thickness> 1,00 mm in EO2. In EO4, only 3 (4,54%) teeth had bone thickness> 1,00 mm. It was determined with statistical relevance that the bone thickness in EO2 was thicker in relation to EO4 for some groups (13, 12, 11 and 22). In the present study it was verified that the non-visibility of the probe is related to bone thickness ≥ 0,96mm, that is, thick bone phenotype. Regarding gingival thickness and probe transparency, our research showed that probe visibility is related to values ≥ 1,04 mm. Nine of eleven patients presented triangular tooth shape, and only two presented square shape. ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the relationship between buccal bone thickness and gingival phenotype of the anterior maxilla after clinical and tomographic evaluation. Methods: 66 teeth were analyzed clinically and in cone beam computed tomography scans. The data obtained from the CT scans corresponded to the thickness of the gingival margin, thickness of the buccal bone board in two regions: 2 and 4 mm apical to the bone crest (EO2 and EO4, respectively) and distance from the cemento-enamel junction to the bone crest. Clinically, the data obtained corresponded to the transparency of the probe in the gingival sulcus and tooth format. The data were grouped and related to the positioning of the tooth in the arch. Results: Tomographically, the measurements showed that the distance from the cemento-enamel junction to the bone crest was higher in canines when compared to the central incisors. The gingival thickness also presented lower values in canines when compared with central incisors. Regarding bone thickness, the values found were similar for all teeth. Only five teeth (7,57%) had bone thickness> 1,00 mm in EO2. In EO4, only 3 (4,54%) teeth had bone thickness> 1,00 mm. It was determined with statistical relevance that the bone thickness in EO2 was thicker in relation to EO4 for some groups (13, 12, 11 and 22). In the present study it was verified that the non-visibility of the probe is related to bone thickness ≥ 0,96mm, that is, thick bone phenotype. Regarding gingival thickness and probe transparency, our research showed that probe visibility is related to values ≥ 1,04 mm. Nine of eleven patients presented triangular tooth shape, and only two presented square shape. Conclusion: It was not possible to accurately and reliably identify the relationship between the transparency of the probe with the buccal bone thickness. However, the visibility of the periodontal probe is associated with measurements of the gingival direction and of the finer vestibular bone plate, but without statistical significance. In the present study, there was statistical significance between the values of thickness of the buccal bone board, in the measurements of 2mm and 4mm apical to the bone crest. Associate largest measurements in the region at 2 mm and the smaller values of thickness at 4 mm apical to the bone crest.Objetivo: Analisar a relação entre a espessura da tábua vestibular óssea e o fenótipo gengival da região anterior da maxila após avaliação clínica e tomográfica. Métodos: Foram analisados 66 dentes clinicamente e em tomografias computadorizadas de feixe cônico. Os dados obtidos a partir das tomografias corresponderam à espessura da margem gengival, espessura da tábua óssea vestibular em duas regiões: 2 e 4 mm apical à crista óssea (EO2 e EO4, respectivamente) e distância da junção cemento esmalte à crista óssea. Clinicamente, os dados obtidos corresponderam à transparência da sonda no sulco gengival e formato do dente. Os dados foram agrupados e relacionados com o posicionamento do dente na arcada. Resultados: Tomograficamente, as mensurações demonstraram que tanto a distância da junção cemento esmalte à crista óssea como a espessura gengival apresentaram valores menores em caninos quando comparados com incisivos centrais. Com relação à espessura óssea, os valores encontrados foram similares para todos os dentes. Apenas cinco dentes (7,57%) possuíam espessura óssea > 1,00 mm em EO2. Em EO4 , apenas 3 (4,54%) dentes possuíam espessura óssea > 1,00 mm. Foi observado que a espessura óssea em EO2 era maior em relação a EO4 para alguns grupos (13, 12, 11 e 22) (p