Evaluation of postoperative pain of cardiac surgery in a hospital in the south of the country

Objective: To evaluate the intensity of pain in patients in the postoperative of cardiac surgeries in a teaching hospital. To characterize the sociodemographic profile of the population, to verify the most frequent cardiac pathologies, to indicate the type of surgery to which the patients were submitted, to identify the medications used to control pain, to describe the type of analgesia used and to analyze possible physiological changes. Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study performed in a teaching hospital through pain evaluation, physiological changes and analgesic medications of 100 patients at two postoperative moments of cardiac surgery, 1 st and 4 th PO. A descriptive analysis of the absolute and percentage frequencies was carried out; the Chi-square test (X²) was used to verify the association between the variables, non-parametric test, Spearman correlation coefficient to relate the variables and the Wicoxon test to compare pain in the 1st PO and in the 4th PO. Results; The most frequent diagnosis prior to surgery was Coronary Insufficiency (ICO). Among the surgical procedures, Myocardial Revascularization was the most prevalent. The analgesia used was drug, the combination of simple analgesics, NSAIDs and opiates being the most prescribed. When the pain intensity was compared in the two postoperative moments, there was a predominance of mild and moderate pain in the 1st PO, reducing in the 4th PO, for absence of pain and mild pain (p <0.01). Statistical significance (p <0.01) occurred between the presence of pain in the two moments and the physiological changes (sweating, skin paleness and sleep pattern). Conclusion: The pain intensity was lower in the 4th PO when compared to the 1st PO, possibly due to the quality of care provided to patients and the correct use of analgesic medications. It was also observed that the occurrence of cardiovascular events is related to the increase of the age, and that affects in greater number the male population.Objetivo: Avaliar a intensidade da dor em pacientes no pós-operatório de cirurgias cardíacas em um hospital de ensino. Caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico da população, verificar as patologias cardíacas mais frequentes, apontar o tipo de cirurgia a qual os pacientes foram submetidos, identificar as medicações utilizadas para o controle da dor, descrever o tipo de analgesia utilizada e analisar possíveis alterações fisiológicas. Métodos: Estudo observacional, com delineamento transversal, realizado em um hospital de ensino através da avaliação da dor, alterações fisiológicas e medicamentos analgésicos de 100 pacientes em dois momentos de pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca, 1ºPO e 4ºPO. Realizou-se análise descritiva das frequências absolutas e percentuais; foi aplicado o Teste qui-quadrado (X²) para verificação da associação entre as variáveis, teste não paramétrico coeficiente de Correlação de Spearman para relacionar as variáveis e o teste de Wicoxon para comparar a dor no 1ºPO e no 4ºPO. Resultados: O diagnóstico prévio à cirurgia mais frequente foi a Insuficiência Coronariana (ICO). Dentre os procedimentos cirúrgicos, a Revascularização do Miocárdio foi a mais prevalente. A analgesia utilizada foi medicamentosa, sendo a combinação de analgésicos simples, AINES e opiáceos a mais prescrita. Quando comparada a intensidade dolorosa nos dois momentos de pós-operatório, verificou-se predomínio de dor leve e moderada no 1ºPO, reduzindo, no 4ºPO, para ausência de dor e dor leve (p<0,01). Ocorreu significância estatística (p