Metabolism of statins

Inhibitori HMG-CoA reduktaze ubrajaju se u najpropisivanije lijekove na svijetu. Glavni učinak im je smanjenje LDL kolesterola, zbog čega su zastupljeni u primarnoj i sekundarnoj prevenciji brojnih kardiovaskularnih bolesti. Cilj ovog rada bio je dati pregled farmakokinetike i farmakodinamike statina, s naglaskom na biotransformacije četiri statina registrirana na hrvatskom tržištu, te njihove puteve ulaska i izlaska iz stanice. U izradi ovog rada korišteni su znanstveni radovi iz časopisa dostupnih u indeksnim bazama literature PubMed i Mendeley, te udžbenici i ostala dostupna literatura. Rezultati pokazuju da je skupina statina vrlo heterogena po načinu dobivanja pojedinog statina, po strukturnim i fizikalno-kemijskim svojstvima te prema kliničkim učincima koji iz tih svojstava proizlaze. Pri uključivanju statina u terapiju važno je razmotriti različite enzime koji sudjeluju u njihovom metabolizmu te farmakogenomske karakteristike pacijenta kako bi se izbjegle interakcije i toksično djelovanje statina te kako bi se maksimizirao terapijski učinak.HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors are among the most proscribed drugs in the world. The main effect is their reduction of LDL cholesterol, which is why they are used in primary and secondary prevention of many cardiovascular diseases. The goal of the study was to review statin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, focusing on the biotransformation of the four statins registered on the Croatian market, and their paths of entry and exit from the cell. The research for the study has been conducted through academic research papers published in scientific journals and available for the review through the following databases: PubMed, Mendeley, textbooks and other literature. The results show that the statins are highly heterogeneous group considering the origin of each statin, their structural and physico-chemical properties, and their clinical effects that result from these properties. When including statins into therapy, it is important to consider the various enzymes involved in their metabolism and pharmacogenomic characteristics of the patient to avoid interaction and toxicity of statins and to maximize the therapeutic effect