Monitoring of the eight-years period incidence of breast cancer from the bioptic material of the Department of pathology and cytology of General County Hospital Vinkovci

Cilj istraživanja: Cilj je istraživanja utvrditi učestalost karcinoma dojke u odnosu na dob, posebne histološke tipove, imunofenotip i metastaze u aksilarne limfne čvorove u osmogodišnjem razdoblju. Nacrt studije: Rad je ostvaren kao presječna studija na povijesnim podatcima. Materijali i metode: Pretraživanjem arhiva Odjela za patologiju i citologiju Opće županijske bolnice Vinkovci, izdvojeni su nalazi karcinoma dojke. U istraživanje su uključene 294 pacijentice s dijagnosticiranim karcinomom dojke u periodu od 1.1.2011. do 31.12.2018. godine. Na uzorcima karcinoma imunohistokemijski je određena ekspresija ER, PR, Ki-67 i amplifikcija HER2. Rezultati: Sve 294 biopsije pripadaju pacijenticama ženskoga spola. Aritmetička sredina dobi bila je 65 godina sa SD 12,1. Kod 167 (57 %) pacijentica su odstranjeni aksilarni limfni čvorovi, dok kod 127 (43 %) resekcija aksile nije rađena. Od njih 167, kod 111 (66 %) nađeni su pozitivni aksilarni limfni čvorovi (dokazane presadnice karcinomskog tkiva), a kod njih 56 (34 %) negativni. Najviše je Carcinoma invasivum mammae (NOS)-ukupno 239 kod kojih je najčešći imunofenotip luminal B (103). U istraživanjem obuhvaćenom osmogodišnjem razdoblju najučestaliji je imunofenotip luminal B. Imunofenotip luminal B značajno češće ima metastatski pozitivne limfne čvorove u odnosu na imunofenotip luminal A. Aksilarni limfni čvorovi češće su bili metastatski pozitivni kod onih s Ki-67 vrijednosti većom od 20 %. Zaključak: Odluka o liječenju karcinoma dojke i prognoza bolesti ovisi o imunohistokemijskoj analizi stoga je ona obavezna kod oboljelih od karcinoma dojke. Bitno je uskladiti i standardizirati metode određivanja biomarkera te provoditi daljnja istraživanja u svrhu unaprjeđenja dijagnoze, liječenja i prognoze karcinoma dojke.Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of breast cancer in relation to age, specific histological types, immunophenotype and metastasis to axillary lymph nodes in the eight-year period. Study Design: The study was designed as a cross-sectional study. Material and methods: Breast cancer reports were found by searching the archives of the Department of Pathology and Cytology of the General County Hospital of Vinkovci. The study included 294 patients with diagnosed breast cancer during the period from 1/1/2011 until 31/12/2018. Immunohistochemical expression of ER, PR, Ki-67 and amplification of HER2 was determined in the samples of cancer. Results: All 294 biopsies were of female patients. Mean age was 65 years with SD 12.1. Axillary lymph nodes were removed in 167 (57 %) patients, while in 127 (43 %) axillary resection was not performed. Of the 167, 111 (66 %) of the patients had positive axillary lymph nodes (proven carcinoma tissue) and 56 (34 %) had negative ones. The most common histological type was the invasive mammary carcinoma (NOS) – total of 239. In this group the most common immunophenotype was luminal B – total of 103. In the eight-year study, the most common immunophenotype was luminal B. It is more common for luminal B immunophenotype to have positive metastatic lymph nodes than for luminal A. Axillary lymph nodes were more often metastatic positive when their Ki-67 value was over 20 %. Conclusion: The treatment of breast cancer and prognosis depends on the immunohistochemical analysis. Therefore, the analysis is mandatory for breast cancer patients. It is important to harmonize and standardize the methods for biomarker determination and to carry out further research in order to improve diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of breast cancer