The aim of this work is to develop new statistical methods for spatial (3D) and space-time (3D+t) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) reconstruction. The objective is to propose efficient reconstruction methods in a context of low injected doses while maintaining the quality of the interpretation. We tackle the reconstruction problem as a spatial or a space-time inverse problem for point observations in a \Bayesian nonparametric framework. The Bayesian modeling allows to regularize the ill-posed inverse problem via the introduction of a prior information. Furthermore, by characterizing the unknowns with their posterior distributions, the Bayesian context allows to handle the uncertainty associated to the reconstruction process. Being nonpara...