Effect of pluoghless tillage and straw incorporation on soil penetration resistance and shear strenght

Stationary two factor field experiment was established in Experimental Station of Aleksandras Stulginskis University in 1999. The soil of experimental area is Endocarcalic Endohipogleyc Luvisol, medium weight loam over light sandy loam.Treatments: Factor A – straw incorporation: without straw (-Š); with straw (+Š). Factor B– soil tillage systems: deep ploughing at 23–25 cm depth in autumn (GA); shallow ploughing at 10–12 cm depth in autumn (SA); shallow loosening at 8–10 cm depth in autumn (KL); shallow loosening with rotary cultivator at 5–6 cm depth before sowing (RK); shallow incorporation of green manure with rotary cultivator at 5–6 cm depth before sowing (ŽTRK); no tillage, direct sowing (ND). It was established, that straw incorporation had no significant effect on soil penetration resistance and shear strength. Penetration resistance, to compare with deep ploughing (GA), signifficantly increassed shallow tillage (SA) at 10–25 cm depth, shallow loosening in autumn ( KL) at 5–20 cm depth, shallow loosening with rotary cultivator in spring (RK) at 5–25 cm and 45–50 cm depth, shallow incorporation of green manure with rotary cultivator in spring (ŽTRK) and no – tillage (ND) at 5–25 cm depth. Compared with deep plowing ( GA) in autumn, shallow plowing (SA) in autumn, shallow loosening in autumn (KL), shallow loosening with rotary cultivator in spring (RK), shallow incorporation of green manure with rotary cultivator in spring (ŽTRK) and no – tillage (ND) significantly increased shear strenght in 0–10 cm and in 10–20 cm depth soil layerVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij