Public projects social benefits and its evaluation approaches based on different economic theories

Ekonominiuose tyrimuose dažnai vartojamas „socialinės naudos" terminas nėra aiškiai apibrėžtas. Jis siejamas su neprekine produkcija, viešosiomis gėrybėmis, išorės efektais. Pagrindinis viešųjų projektų tikslas - socialinės naudos visuomenei kūrimas. Viešųjų projektų socialinės naudos vertinimui plačiai taikomas kaštų ir naudos analizės metodas, paremtas neoklasikine ekonominės gerovės bei naudingumo ekonomikos teorijomis. Sis teorinis tyrimas skirtas viešųjų projektų išskirtinumui privačių projektų atžvilgiu atskleisti, viešųjų projektų socialinės naudos sampratai, viešųjų projektų socialinės naudos vertinimui bei jo problematikai ekonomikos teorijų kontekste apibendrintiThe publie investment projects are an important part of public policy. These projects create sočiai benefits, which are associated with increasing intangible wealth. Not every public project could be funded, due to the lack of public funding sources. This means that it is important to choose the most effective investment alternative according to the expected impact and sočiai benefits of the public project. The concept of public project sočiai benefit is not clear: the definition of public project sočiai benefits are not clearly provided in economic literature or dictionaries of economic terms. Also, Scientists hold intense discussions as to which method is best in selecting the valuation of public projects in order to evaluate the totai sočiai benefits generated by a public project and to make the most effective investment decision. Evaluations of public project sočiai benefits are complicated due immateriality, public position and priorities, in addition to long investment periods. The sočiai benefits and its evaluation have different points of view in different economic theories. The search for a sočiai benefits valuation method has influenced formulation ofnew scientific approaches, thesis, andtheorems. A cost-benefit analysis is the most popular method used for public project evaluation. The cost-benefit analysis is based on neoclassical economic theory and attracts major criticism during scientific discussions. Also, due to a theoretical justification of value, i.e. the evaluation of public projects is carried out by deviating from the main goals pursued by a project 'creation of sočiai benefits', and while the evaluation only concerns what is measurable in terms ofmoney. Scientists have still being searching for a more accurate method for the valuation of public project sočiai benefits. [...]Vytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij