Peculiarities of the latin epigrammatic poetry of the 18th century

Straipsnio objektas - teorinė epigramos raida ir šio žanro kūrinių meninės raiškos ypatumai, būdingi XVIII amžiaus poetinei kūrybai. Iškeltos problemos sprendžiamos pirmiausia atskleidžiant epigramos sampratos sklaidą populiariausiose Europos ir LDK poetikose ir retorikose, parašytose XVI-XVIII amžiuje. Po to, remiantis jėzuitų ir pijorų spaustuvių leidiniais, aptariami būdingiausi epig- raminės poezijos pavyzdžiai. Si apžvalga parode, kad XVIII amžiaus epigrama, iš esmės virtusi glaustu panegiriniu eilėraščiu, jau menkai beprimena antikinio modelio kūrinius, - jai nebūdingas ryškus satyriškumas, šmaikštumas, aštrumasThe subject of the article is theoretical development of epigram and peculiarities of artistic expression of this genre, characteristic for the poetic compositions of the 18th century. The raised problems are dealt with primarily by highlighting the spread of the notion of epigram in the most popular poetics and rhetorics of Europe and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, written in the 16th—18th centuries. Next, on the basis of publications printed by the Jesuit and Piarist presses, the typical examples of the 18th century epigrammatic poetry are discussed. According to the performed survey of the theoretical development of epigram, it would seem that most of the authors of the 16th—18th century poetics adhered to the theory of genres developed by Iulius Caesar Scaliger. Scalliger's statements were relevant to the literary theoreticians like Iacobus Pontanus, Iacobus Masenius, Mathias Casimirus Sarbievius, Iosephus Iuvencius, and Filip Nereusz Golanski. Some theoretical interpretations used to emphasize the poignancy of epigram; others stressed its brevity, yet none of them radically distanced themselves from the basic requirements presented by Scaliger. The survey of the 18th century epigrammatic poetry allows us to maintain that in this period essentially no classical epigrams following the pattern of antiquity were composed. As peculiarities of Jesuit and Piarist epigrammatic poetry indicate, the epigrams tended to become simpler, turning into concise panegyric poems. Pronounced satire or poignancy is not typical for them. It is also important to note, that compositions of this genre used to be versified exclusively in elegiac distichVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŠvietimo akademij