Influence of long-term tillage of different intensity on barley agrocenosis under conditions of intensive technologies

A field experiment was performed at the Experimental Station of the Aleksandras Stulginskis University in 2015. The soil of the experimental site was slightly light loam Endohypogleyic-Eutric Planosol(PLe-gln-w). The soil was: 1) conventionally (23–25 cm) ploughed with a moldboard plough, 2) shallowly (12–15 cm) ploughed with a moldboard plough, 3) deeply (23–25 cm) tilled with a chisel cultivator, 4) shallowly (12–15 cm) tilled with a disc harrow, 5) not-tilled. All different, cultivated fields shear resistance of the upper and lower layer of topsoil is essentially no difference (P> 0.05) compared with the normal depth of plowed fields (Fig. 1). The biggest shear resistance is set in the lower topsoil layer (79.3) through shallow soil scarification and the lowest (75.1) through a deep scarification. Plant productivity is inseparable from environmental factors, temperature, light, water treatment and other conditions. These factors in plants determine the observable external changes. Barley grain yields ranged from 5.6 t ha-1 shallow scratch fields to 6.8 t ha-1 normally plowed fields (Fig. 2). Promulgating the lowest spring barley grain yields were fixed fields, where shallow loosening was applied. The analysis of the different primary soil tillage on spring barley productive stems number of milky maturity stage showed that different tillage had no significant effect on spring barley productive stems number (see Figure 3) .The biggest (548,4 units per m2) of productive stems per set of spring barley fields, where it was applied deep loosening. Minimum (488, 0 units per m2) of productive stems per set fields was achieved where the soil was deeply loosened. The authors point out that the mass of weeds using shallow plough background of 25.0 per cent, Deep scratch – 73.4 percent, Shallow scratch – 38.3 percent and no-till – 86.0 percent was higher compared to deep plowing (Avižienytė, 2013)Vytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij