none1noIEEE Transactions on Computers (TC) is a scholarly archival journal published monthly with a wide distribution to researchers, developers, technical managers, and educators in the computer field. It publishes papers, brief contributions, and comments on research in areas of current interest to the readers. These areas include, but are not limited to, the following: a) computer organizations and architectures; b) operating systems, software systems, and communication protocols; c) real-time systems and embedded systems; d) digital devices, computer components, and interconnection networks; e) specification, design, prototyping, and testing methods and tools; f) performance, fault tolerance, reliability, security, and testability; g) c...