Algorithms for warping of 2-D PAGE maps

Software-based image analysis of 2-D PAGE maps is an important step for the investigation of proteome. Warping algorithms, which are employed to register spots among gels, are able to overcome the difficulties due to the low reproducibility of this analytical technique. Over the years, the research of new matching and warping mathematical methods has allowed the development of several routine applications of easy-to-use software. This chapter describes common and basic spatial transformations used for the alignment of protein spots present in different gel maps; some recently new approaches are also presented