A Spatiotemporal Analysis of the McKean Complex on the Northern Plains

Characterizing hunter-gatherer mobility has been problematic in archaeological research (Anthony 1990). For pre-contact cultures on the Northern Plains there is no documentation of the human decisions involved in movement processes. This thesis examines the known information available regarding the McKean Complex on the Northern Plains. Using radiocarbon ages and known site locations, Kriging analysis was used to create a predictive model to examine spread of this archaeological complex, directions of movement, and origins. This thesis re-examines existing theories regarding origin and migration with regards to this model. The geographic distribution of projectile point styles, floral remains and faunal remains are also examined. This research provides a comprehensive database of stratified sites with McKean components as well as a comprehensive database of McKean radiocarbon ages associated with McKean projectile points. This study offers new information regarding subsistence and expansion of the complex, providing a preliminary model towards re-examining the McKean Complex. The model will benefit from future research with regards to the McKean Complex as more radiocarbon ages taken from McKean sites can only help improve the current model and help provide a greater understanding of this Complex on the Northern Plains