RISK IN BANKING - CHARACTERISTICS AND EVOLUTION OF APPLICABLE STANDARDS

This study discusses issues related to trends and changes in the normative basis regulating risk management in banking institutions. It examines the underlying principles in the development of Basel I, Basel II and Basel III international standards, as well as the reasons behind the changes that were made in these standards. The common framework of implementation of these principles at the national level is also analyzed. As the standards are analyzed, the most important problems are revealed and the path of the evolution of the standards is shown pointing out how the standards were modified and amended with the years. The connection between the expected results from the introduction of the Basel Accords and the expansionary policy of merchant banks aimed at achieving a greater market share and involving compromises with the risk management standards is also established. The reasons behind the necessity for establishing minimum capital requirements that should cover the main risks facing a bank are examined and the fact that the environment where the banks operate should be taken into account in constructing the capital framework is emphasized