Development of relationship with authority and the problem of narcissism in psychotherapy

Relationship with authority is a significant psychosocial factor influencing formation of self-esteem and self-identity of a person. Unsuccessful relations with authorities can lead to narcissistic difficulties. The soviet regime has disturbed relationship with authority of several generations of Lithuanian people. To understand difficulties in relationship with authority and to find means to reconstruct it, as well as self-esteem of Lithuanians, are urgent tasks of scientific research and psychotherapy practice. The aim of the dissertation was to reveal specific motives of relationship with authority, characteristic for people with narcissistic difficulties, and to trace changes of this relationship in psychotherapy. The research consisted of two stages: semi structured interviews were conducted after 10-14 and 40-45 therapy sessions. 12 persons, who addressed therapy for psychological problems and were qualified as narcissistic, took part in the first stage and were questioned about their experience of narcissistic difficulties and relations with authorities. In the second stage, 7 participants, who continued psychotherapy, were asked about their changes during psychotherapy, in particular changes in relationship with authority, and therapeutic factors. Qualitative thematic analysis of the data was carried out. A theme of personal power showed up to be significant for people with narcissistic difficulties. In the first interview helplessness and dependence upon authorities were highlighted. After a year of psychotherapy experience of personal strength, rebellion against authorities and separation from them appeared as themes indicating changes. Inner authority increased during a year of psychotherapy