The territorial spread of unemployment in independent lithuania

During the last years considerable changes have taken place in Lithuania concerning the unemployment sphere. The planned economy has transformed into the market economy and it greatly affected the forming employment market. The statistical data show that after the regaining independence the unemployment problem remains in the all regions of Lithuania. The unemployment problem has appeared. The unemployment rate is considered natural in the world if does not increase more than 3 - 5 percent from the active inhabitants. The unemployment rate in Lithuania is higher than the average unemployment rate in the European Union during 1993-2005. The purpose of the research is to disclose the unemployment and the changes in the unemployment rate in Lithuania. The processes are investigated from the territorial aspect. The unemployment is one of the most important demographic and economic problems in Lithuania. The main object of the article is the unemployed and the unemployment rate in Lithuania. The tasks are: to analyse the detailed tendencies of the changes in the unemployment rate; disclose the changes from the territorial aspect; disclose the causes of the unemployment within the limits of municipalities. The purpose of the master’s research: contribute to the optimisation while analysing the changes in the number of employees and the unemployment rate. The tasks of the master’s research: determine the reasons of the unemployment in Lithuania; analyse the situation concerning the unemployment from the territorial point of view; analyse the causes of unemployment disclosing the problematic regions; show the means of reducing the unemployment. In the research the scientific analysis method is applied enabling to determine and ground the social – economic losses emerging due to unemployment; the method of statistical analysis enabling to analyse qualitative data, qualitatively (mathematically) process the statistics; comparative analytic logical methods enabling to analyse empirical data, graphic and cartographic methods – diagrams, charts, maps. Drawing maps and secondary data which is obtained from the statistical data (the map of risky areas) In the master’s research the dynamics of overall country’s unemployment problems and the amount of the unemployed people is analysed. The unemployed is analysed according to the age groups, sex, distribution in the cities and countries, education, the length of the unemployment, etc. Economic and social losses are distinguished. The economic-social state is determined during different time periods. Conducting the territorial analysis the years 1991-2004 were compared as well as the statistical data from the municipalities. The data is used from of the issues of the department of statistics. The number of the unemployed people, the rate of unemployment from the territorial aspect is shown in the maps. The years 1996, 2001, 2004 are taken to analyse the changes in the unemployment rate. There is a difference concerning the definition of unemployment between the job centre and the department of statistics. The tendencies of unemployment remain the same. Almost in all the state the rate of unemployment is fluctuating i.e. increases till 2001 and decreases from 2001. However the territorial distribution is unequal and irregular