Incidence variation of lung cancer morphological forms, gender morbidity and survival differences in lithuania

SUMMARY INCIDENTE VARIATION OF LUNG CANCER MORPHOLOGICAL FORMS, GENDER MORBIDITY AND SURVIVAL DIFFERENCES IN LITHUANIA The Importance of the Investigated Subject. Lung cancer is currently the most frequent form of malignant disease and the leading cause of cancer deaths in the world. In men the highiest incidences are observed in Europe (especially in Eastern Europe) and North America, in women – in North America and Europe (especially in Northern and Western Europe). Lung cancer causes more deaths than the other most frequent cancers (colon cancer, 48,100 deaths; breast cancer, 40,000 deaths; and prostate, 30,200 deaths). Each year approximately 1 million people world-wide die of this disease. The Aim of the Investigation. Is to explore incidence and dynamics of lung cancer in males and females, identify clinical, pathological parameters, survival differences among gender. The Tasks of the Investigation. 1. To fulfill analysis of lung cancer variation and estimate risk differences by age, gender 1996 – 2005 y. period. 2. To explore incidence of histological types among males and females by different age group. 3. To explore and compare survival differences of lung cancer among gender by clinical and pathological parameters. Methods Male and female age-standardised incidence rates were estimated and 95 % confidence intervals represented. Incidence was analyzed in five age groups (≤39, 40 – 49, 50 – 59, 60 – 69 and ≥ 70 years).in 1996 – 2005 period. Incidence was computed using Microsoft Excel. Two age groups proportions were compared using program „OpenStat“ by computing z and p significanc, where estimated 95 % confidence intervals, p ≤ 0,05. Overall survival were analyzed with Kaplain-Meier and Life Tables methods using statistical package SPSS 13.0. Differences among survival curves were estimated using log-rank test where level of significance were 5%. Results: Lung malignant tumours rate in females rised in 2001 – 2005 period: increased about 3 %, and in males decreased 2 %, comparatively to 1996 – 2000 y. Squamous-cell carcinoma incidence rate of in males were higher: variated from 20,55 to 26,01/100 000 population in Lithuania. Adenocarcinoma incidence rates in females were increasing and in 2005 incidence rates were 2,00/100 000 people. At the second place there were squamous –cell carcinoma incidence: in 1996 incidence rate was 0,99/100 000 population, 2005 y. – 0,99/100 000 population. Fourth stage of lung cancer estimated more in females (34,1 %) than in males (29,9 %). Squamous-cell carcinoma survival in males comparing to other histological types were significantly better. Non-small-cell carcinoma survival in females at the beginning of the disease was significantly less than other histological types. Conclusions Incidence different histological types of lung cancer and variation depended on gender and age. Overall survival in females were better than in males by lung cancer stage