Para-equestrian in training and sports

Cilj rada je prikazati razvoj parakonjaništva kroz povijest, njegov ustroj u pojedinim zemljama, specifičnost treninga konja i jahača, pomoćnu opremu, te sportske rezultate. Parakonjaništvo je sport u kojem sudjeluje jahač sa fizičkim oštećenjima, a za partnera imaju konja. Jahač se ocjenjuje prema njegovim fizičkim nedostacima ocjenama od I do IV. Danas je ovaj sport najrazvijeniji u Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama, Velikoj Britaniji i Australiji. U Republici Hrvatskoj je u sustavu Hrvatskog konjičkog saveza. Trening konja započinje od njegove najranije dobi i prilagođava se jahačevim potrebama. Trening jahača obuhvaća njegovo i trenerovo snalaženje te pronalaženje rješenja u stvaranju prednosti iz jahačevih nedostataka. Trener mora uvidjeti jahačeve pogreške te ga savjetovati u ispravljanju istih. Jahačeva komunikacija s konjem ponajprije se bazira na povjerenju, a zatim taktilnim podražajima ruku, nogu i položajem tijela. No, jahač s fizičkim oštećenjem, koristit će se pomoćnom opremom koja mu je prilagođena. Korištenje opreme jahaču ne smije pružiti nikakve druge prednosti osim nadoknade za oštećenje ili sigurnost. Bez obzira na nedostatke, jahači svojom upornošću, radom i snalažljivošću dolaze do nevjerojatnih rezultata.The aim of the paper is to show development of para-equestrian through history, structure in some countries, the specificity of horse and rider training, auxiliary equipment, and the sports results. Para-equestrian is a sport in which a rider with physical disabilities participates, and they have a horse for a partner. The rider is rated according to his physical disadvantages from grade I to IV. Today this sport is the most developed in the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia and Croatia. In the Republic of Croatia it is under the auspices of the Croatian Horse Society. Horse training starts from its earliest age and adapts to rider's needs. Training rider includes his and his coaching skills and finding solutions of creating the benefits for rider's disabilities. The trainer has to understand the rider's mistakes and advise him on correcting them. Rider's communication with the horse is primarly based on trust and then tactile stimuli with the hands, legs, and body position. However, a rider with physical damage will use auxiliary equipment adapted to him. The use of equipment for a rider must not provide any other benefits other than compensation for damage or safety. Regardless of the disadvantages, rider with its perseverance, work and resourcefulness come to incredible results