Paléokarst investigation near Saint-Remèze, Ardèche, France : discovery of an underground river fossilized during the Messinian salinity crisis. The paléokarst features studied in this paper are hosted in Lower Cretaceous limestone and generally appear as filled caves, subsequently de-roofed by denudation. The most important of them forms a sequence of segments developed at a relatively constant elevation of 360-380 m above sea level and can be traced over a length of 5.2 km. The ancient cave passages generally appear as soil covered bands, 5 to 20 m in width and limited on both sides by limestone outcrops. At surface the nature of the cave filling is revealed mainly by scattered blocks : calcite from speleothems and calcified clay, silt, s...