STUDI PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PADA PASIEN DEMAM TIFOID ANAK

Typhoid fever is an acute systemic infection caused by Salmonella typhi and S. paratyphi and spreads through food or drink contamination. This study aimed to describe the pattern of antibiotic use in children with typhoid fever who underwent therapy in inpatient care unit at the hospital. The study was a retrospective study with a total sampling method. Data was taken from the medical records of children with typhoid fever that fulfilled the inclusion criteria, i.e. children aged 2-12 years who underwent therapy in inpatient care unit at the Universitas Airlangga Hospital Surabaya, diagnosed as typhoid fever by a pediatrician specialist doctor and received antibiotic therapy during January 2nd to December 31st, 2017. The number of patients analyzed in this study was 63 patients, consist of 27 men and 36 women. Fever was a symptom that mostly occur and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever was the most comorbidity. Patient’s laboratorium data mostly showed normal leukocyte and positive widal test. In this study, all patients received a single antibiotics therapy of ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, amoxicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, or cefixime. The most antibiotic used for typhoid fever was ceftriaxone with most dosage regimen was (50-75) mg/kg/day. Route of administration mostly given through intravenous bolus. The duration of antibiotic use was mostly for 3-5 days and there was no drug interaction. These results were in accordance with the guidelines provided Universitas Airlangga Hospital. A prospective study should be conducted in order to obtain clinical data as well as more complete patient therapy data to support the evaluation of antibiotic use in patients with typhoid fever for more detail