[[alternative]]The study of remote anemometer based on semiconductor laser technology

碩士[[abstract]]近年來，對環境的監控越來越被重視，隨著科技的蓬勃發展，人們面對自然的挑戰逐漸能以預防來減輕傷害，這些災害中，風災對於我們海島國家的影響甚大，如果能提前預知氣候，便能進行更完善的防護措施。通常，風速及風壓的感測器設置場所位於山上或是臨海地區，儘管所使用的電子式感測器有很好的效能，但還是需要一個就近的電源和一些連接線。是故供電問題提升了架設的難度與複雜性，也導致成本居高不下。因此光纖式的感測器成為其中一種研究的方向。 在本論文中，我們提出無需近端供電之低成本設計，並結合光纖遠程風速監控之架構。利用小型發電機，將感測數據轉換成雷射的驅動來源，使之經過長距離光纖路徑回傳至接收端，記錄與分析得到之資訊。在實驗中其風速可量測範圍大約在5~15m/s，此方法經對照組之風速儀數據交叉比對可驗證其數據之正確性。[[abstract]]In recent years, environmental monitoring becomes more and more important. With the rapid development of technology, people can reduce the influence and damage from nature. If we can predict the weather in advance, then the protective measures will be better. Typically, wind speed and pressure monitor site is located on mountains or in coastal areas. Although the use of electronic sensors has a good performance but still need a nearby power supply and some cables, which cause the installation difficulty and complexity, but also lead to high costs. Therefore, the direction of the optical fiber sensors becomes one of the studies. In this thesis, we propose a low-cost remote anemometer design, which uses a small generator to simultaneously offer the detected data and the bias to drive a semiconductor laser and lets the optical signal through the long optical fiber back to the receiving end analyzing the obtained data. In the experiment, the proposed system can measure the wind speed range of 5 ~ 15 m/s and have the remote monitoring distance over 10 km. This method has been anemometer data group of cross-reference to verify the correctness of its data.[[tableofcontents]]目錄 第一章 簡介.......................................1 1.1 前言.......................................1 1.2 研究動機...................................2 1.3 論文架構...................................2 第二章 光纖風速儀原理與先前技術.....................3 2.1 風速儀介紹......................................3 2.2 結合光纖技術之風速計介紹.........................11 第三章 關鍵元件及原理介紹..........................21 3.1 半導體雷射 ..................................21 3.2 風力發電機介紹..............................25 第四章 實驗設置及量測結果...........................32 4.1 實驗介紹...................................32 4.2 發電機與雷射之性能測試.......................34 4.3 實際測量結果............................. ..38 第五章 結論與未來研究方向...........................44 5.1 結論.......................................44 5.2 未來研究方向................................45 參考文獻..........................................46 圖目錄 圖2.1 雷射多普勒(Doppler)風速計基本架構..............7 圖2.2 多普勒雷射風速儀架構圖.........................8 圖2.3 多普勒血流量偵測架構...........................9 圖2.4 偵測可移動式物件之多普勒架構圖機...............10 圖2.5 布拉格光柵...................................11 圖2.6 文氏管光纖風速儀架構圖........................12 圖2.7 布拉格光柵覆銀光纖風速儀架構圖.................14 圖2.8 不同風速流經光柵之波長曲線圖...................15 圖2.9 (a)泵浦光功率接入開關之架構示意圖，(b)風洞及對照組風速計之架構示意圖.......................................16 圖2.10 (a)持續之泵浦光功率輸出，(b)不足以完全升溫的短時間輸出................................................17 圖2.11 受力式光纖風速儀架設概念圖....................18 圖2.12 受力式光纖風速儀原理示意圖....................19 圖2.13 受力式光纖風速儀架構圖........................20 圖3.1 單模態雷射二極體結構...........................23 圖3.2 DFB-LD之輸出光頻譜圖..........................24 圖3.3 垂直軸式風力發電機.............................26 圖3.4 水平軸式風力發電機............................ 27 圖3.5 水平軸揚力型風車…..............................28 圖3.6 曲線垂直軸型風車...............................28 圖3.7 直線翼垂直軸型風車……………........................29 圖3.8 垂直軸抗力型風車...............................29 圖3.9 本實驗採用之四葉片式小型發電機..................30 圖3.10對照組風速儀介紹...............................31 圖4.1 實驗架構圖....................................32 圖4.2 選用雷射之L-I曲線圖............................34 圖4.3 發電機輸出電流與頻率關係圖......................35 圖4.4發電機弦波訊號圖................................36 圖4.5發電機接上雷射後之波型檢視.......................36 圖4.6調整後之輸出波型................................37 圖4.7 實驗室內之實驗架構圖............................38 圖4.8 初步測量之頻率、電流與風速關係圖…................39 圖4.9 更換風吹入角度示意圖............................40 圖4.10 不同角度吹入風扇之線性比較圖....................40 圖4.11 10km光纖傳接收線性圖...........................41 圖4.12 風力增強結構示意圖…............................42 圖4.13 風力增強後之頻率與風速關係圖....................43 表目錄 表2.1 風速狀況對照表...................................3 表3.1 風力發電機型大小、容量區分表......................25[[note]]學號: 602440231, 學年度: 10