[[alternative]]Chinese investment in Honduras during the presidency of Porfirio Lobo Sosa (2010 - 2014) : Patuca III Hydroelectric Project

碩士[[abstract]]中國政府有意投資位於宏國西北方的「巴杜卡三號」水力發電廠建設計畫的消息，令宏國各界感到質疑。一方面，其與中國並無外交關係；另一方面，台灣曾經承諾提供相關協助。的確，宏都拉斯需要這項計畫，然而，多數的宏都拉斯民眾對這件事情感到憂慮，因為他們在心理上無法接受中國大陸的政治制度。 此外，讓許多人感到驚異的是，這項合作計畫是由執政的國家黨-國內最保守的政黨-所簽署的。近期，由一個名為TN5的當地新聞頻道所揭露的訊息令人備感震驚，報導指出，北京的投資資金仍未到位，宏都拉斯政府正在尋求其他的資助管道。由於缺乏資金，這項建設自2013年便已停頓。 對宏國人民來說，巴杜卡三號水電廠的建設資金援助不應來自一個和宏國政治體制不同的國家。當宏國遭遇天災或人禍時，台灣每次都慷慨解囊，即使是在政局不穩定的時刻，台灣也給予堅定的支持。因之，和一個長期友好的國家保持和諧的關係，比建造一個水壩還要重要。雖然這種作法不能解決宏都拉斯的電力問題，但卻有助於電廠預定區的環境與生態保護。 於宏國境內，有著龐大的華人社群，對於商業和金融都有一定的影響。雖然大多數華人都來自中國大陸，而非台灣。但他們也不屬於中共的一份子。這些移民者擔心北京的影響力在宏都拉斯擴展。 擁有三個陸地邊界，十個海上邊界；除了在加勒比海馮賽卡海灣擁有優良天然港口外，宏都拉斯在中美洲地峽佔據戰略地位。在這個缺乏工業發展和國際市場競爭力的國家，人們共同的疑問是:倘這項計畫成真，宏都拉斯及中國分別能從其中獲得何種利益? 往壞的方面來說，什麼是宏都拉斯必須承擔來的風險?跟台灣之間又將會如何?天下沒有白吃的午餐，宏都拉斯必須知道要承擔的後果，從成本和狀況，政府當局必須要付出怎樣的代價。[[abstract]]Several sectors of Honduras society are worried due to the financial aid offered by the government of Popular Republic of China (continental China) for the construction of Hydroelectric Dam: “Patuca III”, located in Honduras nor-western area. The countries do not hold diplomatic relationship. By the other side, it was said that the support was offered by the Republic of China (Taiwan) considered as a friend of Honduras. It is understood that Honduras needs to carry out this Project; however, apprehension is perceived among Honduras citizens. Most of them are not compatible Continental China political ideology. Hondurans think that it is even weirder that this contract was signed up during an Administration conducted by the National Party, the most conservative party of Honduras. It is even more surprising the recent report transmitted by TN5, a local TV news program. The news reported declares since Beijing Bank has not given the offered amount, the Honduras State will look for other financer to execute Patuca III. Due to this action the construction has been stopped since 2013. To Honduras people, Patuca III do not justify accepting an economical aid from a country whose political system differ from Honduras’. Informers judge that Taiwan has always been in disaster produced by either nature or man phenomena, as well as during periods of political instability. According to them, harmony with long time friend countries is more important than building a dam that although necessary, will not solve Honduras electricity problems: but it will affect nature reserves and international declared protected areas that surround the region where the dam will be constructed. Besides being commercial and financial important influential, Honduras Chinese colony is large. Most of his members came from Continental China; they did not come from Formosa Island. Even though the first Chinese came running away either from Opium wars or Taiping rebellion , the ones arriving since 1930s (a larger amount than the first immigrants) escaped from communist regime imposed by Mao Tse-tung and the subsequent internals wars hold between nationalists and rebels. In other wars, they are not communist countries partisans. These immigrants are worried about Beijing desired of supporting non communist Latin-American countries, Honduras in special. Having three terrestrial borders; ten sea borders; and excellent nature docks in Caribbean sea, as well as the Fonseca Gulf, Honduras occupies a strategic position in Central-American isthmus. There is a lack of things in terms of industrial exploitation and international market competitiveness. Common citizens wonder: What can Honduras give in return? What kind of benefit will China perceive? Even worse what kind of risk will Honduras face accepting the financial aid from Beijing? What will happen with Taiwan? Since there is no free lunch, Honduras must know the consequences of the offer, the cost and the disposition of Honduras actual Administration of paying the price.[[tableofcontents]]INTRODUCCION 1 CAPITULO I 7 LAS INVERSIONES DE ORIGEN CHINO EN HONDURAS 7 1.1 Los primeros inmigrantes 7 1.2 Desarrollo de la Asociacion China 10 1.3 Las empresas chinas que han sobrevivido al tiempo 11 CAPITULO II 21 LAS RELACIONES DIPLOMATICAS ENTRE HONDURAS Y LA REPUBLICA DE CHINA (TAIWAN) 21 2.1. Relaciones Diplomaticas formales entre la Republica de China (Taiwan) y Honduras 21 2.2 Instrumentos suscritos entre Honduras y Taiwan 23 2.3 Apoyo y acciones de solidaridad demostradas por Taiwan en Honduras 29 2.4 Beneficios sociales que las relaciones diplomaticas y comerciales con Taiwan han traido al pueblo hondureno 34 2.4.1. Becas 34 2.4.2. Proyectos de seguridad ciudadana 35 2.4.3. Fundacion de centros de asistencia medica 36 2.4.4. Apoyo a agricultores 36 CAPITULO III 39 RELACIONES COMERCIALES ENTRE HONDURAS Y LA REPUBLICA POPULAR DE CHINA 39 3.1. Origen de las relaciones comerciales entre Honduras y la Republica Popular de China 39 3.2 Beneficio financiero de establecer relaciones comerciales con Beijing 41 3.3. Inconvenientes de las relaciones comerciales entre Honduras y China continental 42 3.4. El papel de Aceyco en las relaciones comerciales con China continental 44 CAPITULO IV 47 EL PROYECTO HIDROELECTRICO PATUCA III 47 4.1 El problema energetico en Honduras 47 4.2. Genesis del Proyecto Hidroelectrico Patuca III 51 4.3. Participacion de la Republica de China Taiwan y de la Republica Popular de China en el Proyecto Hidroelectrico Patuca III 51 4.4. Obstaculos enfrentados en la ejecucion de Patuca III 53 CAPITULO V 57 EL IMPACTO DEL FINANCIAMIENTO DE LA REPUBLICA POPULAR DE CHINA EN LAS RELACIONES DIPLOMATICAS ENTRE HONDURAS Y TAIWAN 57 5.1. Aspectos politico- diplomatico 57 5.2. Relaciones comerciales 58 5.3. Necesidad para Honduras para recibir esta inversion. 60 5.4. Cual es el costo para Honduras al recibir esta inversion 61 5.4.1 Danos al medio ambiente 61 5.4.2 Repercusiones de tipo politico diplomatico y geoestrategico. 62 5.5. Cual es el Beneficio que representa para el pais esta inversion 63 5.6. La experiencia de Sinohydro en el Proyecto Hidroelectrico Agua Zarca en Honduras 64 CONCLUSIONES 67 BIBLIOGRAFIA 71 Anexos 75 Anexo 1 75 Anexo 2 76 Anexo 3 77 Anexo 4 78 Anexo 5 79 Anexo 6 82[[note]]學號: 701340027, 學年度: 10