[[alternative]]利用媒介獨立換手於Wi-Fi與WiMAX之間的垂直換手

博士[[abstract]]以IEEE 802.11無線區域網路為基礎的無線熱點越來越普遍，用來提供無線網際網路使用者不同的資料服務。而以發展中的IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX)系列家族為基礎的無線都會網路技術，可望用來作為WLAN熱點的背後支援之解決方法。 WLAN與WMAN之整合網路可取其各別優勢以提供高品質的傳輸服務。不同無線網路系統之間的無縫換手相對就變得有需要，而且要將其QoS機制與換手程序整合也具一定困難度。 IEEE 802.21 MIH為發展中的網路標準，它可以讓包括802與非802系列之異質網路間的換手及互通性可以實行。這個協定定義了提供連結層更有智能的方法，以及給上層其他相關的網路資訊，以使得異質媒介間的換手達最佳化。 本論文提出以IEEE 802.21 MIH為基礎的機制，使用於IEEE 802.11無線區域網路以及IEEE 802.16無線都會網路之間的無縫換手。我們提出的以MIH支援垂直換手方法可針對兩種不同使用情境。經由模擬實驗證明，本方法可以減少因為換手所造成的系統負載以及提供無線網際網路使用者服務不中斷。[[abstract]]Wireless hotspots based on IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN (WLAN) have become very popular for providing different data services to wireless Internet users. The evolving family of IEEE 802.16 -based wireless metropolitan area network (WMAN) technologies is a promising solution to provide backhaul support for WLAN hotspots. The integrated network of WLAN and WMAN can take advantage of them to offer high quality of service (QoS). Seamless handover between different wireless systems is possible while the Internet’s QoS mechanisms are difficult to integrate into the handover procedures. IEEE 802.21 Media Independent Handover (MIH) is developing standards to enable handover and interoperability between heterogeneous network types including both 802 and non 802 networks. This protocol defines method to provide the related network information and link layer intelligence to the upper layers for optimizes handovers between heterogeneous media. In this thesis, we propose a scheme to make seamless handover between IEEE 802.11 WLAN and IEEE 802.16 WMAN based on IEEE.21 MIH. We propose the method to support vertical handover using MIH for two different scenarios. According to the simulation results, this proposal can decrease system overhead caused by handover and provides service continuity for wireless Internet users.[[tableofcontents]]中文摘要 I Abstract II List of Figures V 1 Introduction 1 2 Related Work 6 2.1 IEEE Standards for Wireless Networks 8 2.1.1 IEEE 802.11(WLAN/Wi-Fi) 9 2.1.2 IEEE 802.16 (WMAN/WiMAX) 10 2.2 Mobility Management 11 2.3 Vertical Handover Strategies 14 2.3.1 Network layer solution : Mobile IP 14 2.3.2 Transport layer solution : mSCTP 16 2.3.3 Application layer solution : SIP 18 2.3.4 Other Proposals for Vertical Handover 19 2.4 IEEE 802.21 MIH 21 2.4.1 Media Independent Event Service (MIES) 22 2.4.2 Media Independent Command Service (MICS) 24 2.4.3 Media Independent Information Service (MIIS) 26 2.4.4 MIH Reference models 27 3 Using MIH for Vertical Handover between Wi-Fi and WiMAX 31 3.1 Scenario 1: the AP has a unique interface – Wi-Fi 32 3.2 Scenario 2: the AP supports dual module – Wi-Fi/WiMAX 35 4 Procedure of the MIH-based Vertical Handover 38 4.1 Handover Procedure of Scenario 1 40 4.1.1 Vertical Handover from WMAN to WLAN in Scenario 1 40 4.1.2 Vertical Handover from WLAN to WMAN in Scenario 1 47 4.2 Handover Procedure of Scenario 2 50 4.2.1 Vertical Handover from WMAN to WLAN in Scenario 2 50 4.2.2 Vertical Handover from WLAN to WMAN in Scenario 2 53 5 Performance Evaluation 57 5.1 Statistical Analysis 58 5.2 Simulation Setup and Results 60 5.2.1 Handover operation time 61 5.2.2 Throughput 63 5.2.3 Power saving 64 6 Conclusion and Future Work 66 6.1 Conclusion 66 6.2 Future Work 67 Bibliography 68 Appendix A. Publication List 73 Appendix B. “Cooperative System for Micromobility Management in Wireless Communication Networks,” International Journal of Electrical Engineering (IJEE) 75 Appendix C. “Adaptive MAP Selection with Load Balancing Mechanism for the Hierarchical Mobile IPv6,” Tamkang Journal of Science and Engineering (TKJSE) 86 Appendix D. “The MIH-based Vertical Handover Method for Wi-Fi and WiMAX Integrated Network,” International Journal of Autonomous and Adaptive Communications Systems (IJAACS) 93 List of Figures Figure 1-1 Future wireless networks 2 Figure 1-2 Handover cases for different layers 3 Figure 2-1 Wireless technology evolution 7 Figure 2-2 IEEE standards for wireless networks 8 Figure 2-3 General architecture of IEEE 802.11 [Cole2007] 9 Figure 2-4 General architecture of IEEE 802.16 [Murias2006] 10 Figure 2-5 Micro mobility and macro Mobility 12 Figure 2-6 Horizontal handover and vertical handover 13 Figure 2-7 Mobile IP oeration 15 Figure 2-8 A mSCTP example 18 Figure 2-9 Example of SIP session setup 19 Figure 2-10 MIH function location and Key Services 22 Figure 2-11 Link events and MIH events 23 Figure 2-12 Remote MIH events 24 Figure 2-13 Link commands and MIH commands 25 Figure 2-14 Remote MIH commands 26 Figure 2-15 General MIHF reference model and SAPs [Gupta2006] 27 Figure 2-16 MIH reference model for IEEE 802.11 [Gupta2006] 29 Figure 2-17 MIH reference model for IEEE 802.16 [Gupta2006] 30 Figure 3-1 Hard handover vs. soft handover 32 Figure 3-2 Before handover in scenario 1 and scenario 2 33 Figure 3-3 After handover in scenario 1 34 Figure 3-4 After handover in scenario 2 36 Figure 4-1 The three phases of the proposed handover method 39 Figure 4-2 MSC of handover from WMAN to WLAN in scenario 1 41 Figure 4-3 Local event service (Link Detected) 42 Figure 4-4 Local event service (Link Up) 43 Figure 4-5 Remote command service (MN Handover Commit) – MN request 44 Figure 4-6 Remote command service (MN Handover Commit) – BS response 45 Figure 4-7 Local command service (Link Action) – Request frame 46 Figure 4-8 Local command service (Link Action) – Response frame 47 Figure 4-9 MSC of handover from WLAN to WMAN in scenario 1 48 Figure 4-10 MSC of handover from WMAN to WLAN in scenario 2 51 Figure 4-11 MSC of handover from WLAN to WMAN in scenario 2 54 Figure 4-12 Remote command service (MN Handover Complete) – MN request 56 Figure 4-13 Remote command service (MN Handover Complete) – BS response 56 Figure 5-1 The simulation results of handover operation time (WiMAX to Wi-Fi) 62 Figure 5-2 The simulation results of handover operation time (Wi-Fi to WiMAX) 63 Figure 5-3 The simulation results of throughput variation 64 Figure 5-4 The simulation results of energy disruption 65[[note]]學號: 892190090, 學年度: 9