[[alternative]]Analysis of aesthetic judgment process - a case study of public arts in pedestrian field

碩士[[abstract]]台灣在過去對公共建築多只要求功能性的滿足，缺少美學、文化、人本等精神層次元素的考量，因而導致公共空間呈現出缺乏美感、地方特色不明的紊亂現象。目前對於公共藝術審美評選的角度，仍係以專家個人主觀之審美觀點進行批判，對於選擇設立在人群往來頻繁的車站大廳、捷運月台、或戶外廣場之公共藝術，因未涉及普羅大眾之審美的心理感知過程，其合理性ㄧ直無法提出科學化、客觀化的解釋邏輯。 本研究有鑑於此，以認知科學理論為基礎，從審美心理變數、美感反應狀態著手，並首度嘗試利用網路日誌輔以隱喻抽取技術(Zaltman Metaphor-elicitation Technique, ZMET)中的共識規則，判斷審美心理構念與因果方向是否滿足穩定收斂狀態，繼而歸納出審美歷程之探索因果邏輯；之後再透過結構化方程式(Structural Equation Modeling, SEM)驗證模式配適性（Goodness of Fit），以建構行人感知公共藝術之審美心理與認知結構，對運輸領域中之行人空間進行美學初探。[[abstract]]The architecture design in Taiwan over the past years was mainly referred to its utility design, but little effort to integrate environmental matters, such as aesthetics, cultural resources to make better quality in public. This makes the landscape in public domain monotone without characteristics and pleasure upon visual quality. The layout of common public art is usually installed at main hall of MRT station and park, however, the evaluation process seldom involves with warm discussion from local citizens instead of personal judgments from experts. Lack of logical and scientific cause-effect explanations in aesthetics, the effectiveness of layout of public art remains dispute in practice. This study integrates all possible aspects on aesthetics and perception in pedestrian environment based on recognition theory. The first stage of cause-effect relationships among aesthetic judgment process can be found by applying consensus map of ZMET(Zaltman Metaphor-Elicitaion Technique). Finally, the aesthetic judgment process of cause-effect path analysis is confirmed by SEM (Structural Equation Modeling), followed by some important findings and analysis in details.[[tableofcontents]]目錄 目錄.................................................................................................................... V 圖目錄..............................................................................................................VII 表目錄............................................................................................................ VIII 第一章 緒論..................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景與動機.................................................................................. 1 1.2 研究目的.............................................................................................. 2 1.3 研究內容與流程................................................................................... 3 第二章 文獻回顧............................................................................................. 5 2.1 國內運輸場站之公共藝術研究課題................................................... 5 2.2 行人空間之公共藝術設置思潮........................................................... 6 2.3 審美歷程之內在影響因素................................................................... 7 2.3.1 視覺審美心理............................................................................. 8 2.3.2 視覺認知程序與偏好................................................................. 9 2.3.3 個體經驗、記憶與審美聯想................................................... 10 2.3.4 個人特質與審美偏好............................................................... 10 2.3.5 美感反應與歷程記錄............................................................... 11 2.3.6 接受美學與公眾期待視域....................................................... 11 2.4 審美歷程之外部影響因素................................................................. 12 2.4.1 形式特徵與文化符碼............................................................... 12 2.4.2 空間特徵與地方記憶............................................................... 13 2.4.3 公共藝術與地方感................................................................... 14 2.5 小結..................................................................................................... 15 第三章 研究方法設計................................................................................... 20 3.1 研究方法............................................................................................. 20 3.1.1 網路日誌................................................................................... 20 3.1.2 隱喻抽取技術共識圖............................................................... 26 3.1.3 結構方程................................................................................... 27 3.2 實驗設計............................................................................................. 34 3.2.1 網路日誌調查設計................................................................... 34 3.2.2 網路日誌分析方式................................................................... 38 3.2.3 整體研究設計與操作流程....................................................... 40 第四章 案例選擇與網路日誌調查分析........................................................ 43 4.1 實證案例選擇..................................................................................... 43 4.1.1 案例選擇條件說明.................................................................. 43 4.1.2 案例背景說明.......................................................................... 46 4.1.3 公共藝術品設置空間與參選作品圖...................................... 47 4.1.4 案例選擇條件之比較.............................................................. 50 4.2 網路日誌建置..................................................................................... 53 4.3 網路日誌調查分析............................................................................. 55 4.3.1 留言編號記錄........................................................................... 55 4.3.2 留言內容之關鍵字記錄........................................................... 56 4.3.3 構念意義的形成....................................................................... 57 4.3.4 因果構念的形成.................................................................................60 4.4 共識圖分析與展示........................................................................................65 4.5 討論................................................................................................................73 第五章 行人感知公共藝術審美歷程實證分析.......................................................77 5.1 理論架構與研究假設....................................................................................77 5.2 問卷調查與基本背景分析............................................................................78 5.3 審美歷程構念之因素分析............................................................................80 5.4 審美歷程模式配適度檢定............................................................................84 5.5 審美歷程差異分析........................................................................................97 5.6 討論..............................................................................................................106 第六章 結論與建議.................................................................................................108 6.1 結論..............................................................................................................108 6.2 未來研究方向建議...................................................................................... 111 6.3 研究限制......................................................................................................112 參考文獻……........................................................................................................... 113 附錄A 網路日誌留言與關鍵字截取...................................................................... 117 附錄B 公共藝術設置於行人廣場之審美歷程問卷..............................................138 附錄C 個人簡歷......................................................................................................146 4.1.3 公共藝術品設置空間與參選作品圖...................................... 47 4.1.4 案例選擇條件之比較.............................................................. 50 4.2 網路日誌建置..................................................................................... 53 4.3 網路日誌調查分析............................................................................. 55 4.3.1 留言編號記錄........................................................................... 55 4.3.2 留言內容之關鍵字記錄........................................................... 56 4.3.3 構念意義的形成....................................................................... 57 4.3.4 因果構念的形成.................................................................................60 4.4 共識圖分析與展示........................................................................................65 4.5 討論................................................................................................................73 第五章 行人感知公共藝術審美歷程實證分析.......................................................77 5.1 理論架構與研究假設....................................................................................77 5.2 問卷調查與基本背景分析............................................................................78 5.3 審美歷程構念之因素分析............................................................................80 5.4 審美歷程模式配適度檢定............................................................................84 5.5 審美歷程差異分析........................................................................................97 5.6 討論..............................................................................................................106 第六章 結論與建議.................................................................................................108 6.1 結論..............................................................................................................108 6.2 未來研究方向建議...................................................................................... 111 6.3 研究限制......................................................................................................112 參考文獻……........................................................................................................... 113 附錄A 網路日誌留言與關鍵字截取...................................................................... 117 附錄B 公共藝術設置於行人廣場之審美歷程問卷..............................................138 附錄C 個人簡歷......................................................................................................146 圖目錄 圖1.3 研究內容與流程................................................................................................4 圖2.1 行人空間公共藝術審美概念示意圖................................................................6 圖2.5-1 公共藝術審美之相關概念聯結圖..............................................................16 圖2.5-2 行人觀看公共藝術品之階段......................................................................17 圖2.5-3 基礎架構_行人感知公共藝術審美邏輯....................................................19 圖3.1.3 結構方程模式的基本程序...........................................................................28 圖3.2.1 網路日誌調查與分析之設計流程...............................................................37 圖3.2.2 方法設計示意圖...........................................................................................39 圖3.2.3 審美歷程模式之驗證流程...........................................................................42 圖4.1.1-1 實際案例條件...........................................................................................44 圖4.1.1-2 工研院公共藝術品設置計畫網站............................................................46 圖4.1.3-1 公共藝術品設置空間圖............................................................................48 圖4.1.3-2 參選作品圖...............................................................................................49 圖4.1.4 行人感知公共藝術之核心問題...................................................................50 圖4.2-1 網路日誌網址..............................................................................................53 圖4.2-2 公共藝術品設置地點說明..........................................................................53 圖4.2-3 參選作品展示..............................................................................................54 圖4.2-4 留言討論區..................................................................................................54 圖4.4-1 行人感知公共藝術審美之共同構念展示..................................................67 圖4.4-2 行人感知公共藝術審美之探索因果邏輯_網路日誌調查........................71 圖5.1 行人感知公共藝術審美之探索性因果邏輯_研究假設................................77 圖5.4 在地員工_審美因果邏輯之路徑係數............................................................86 圖5.5 非工研院員工＿審美因果邏輯之路徑係數..................................................98 圖5.6 研究地圖_行人感知公共藝術審美邏輯......................................................107 表目錄 表2.5 建構行人感知公共藝術審美之相關文獻整合..............................................18 表3.1.1 質性田野研究日誌比較................................................................................25 表3.1.3-1 適配度指標................................................................................................29 表3.1.3-2 恆等性檢驗的虛無假設............................................................................31 表3.2.2 共識規則判斷...............................................................................................38 表4.1.1 案例條件選擇與限制...................................................................................45 表4.1.2 案例背景說明...............................................................................................47 表4.1.4-1 本研究實證案例條件...............................................................................51 表4.1.4-2 案例選擇條件之比較...............................................................................52 表4.3.1 訪客編號.......................................................................................................55 表4.3.2 留言內容與關鍵字記錄...............................................................................56 表4.3.3 構念形成與意義 (1/3).................................................................................57 表4.3.3 構念形成與意義 (2/3).................................................................................58 表4.3.3 構念形成與意義 (3/3).................................................................................59 表4.3.4 因果構念的形成 (1/4).................................................................................61 表4.3.4 因果構念的形成 (2/4).................................................................................62 表4.3.4 因果構念的形成 (3/4).................................................................................63 表4.3.4 因果構念的形成 (4/4).................................................................................64 表4.4-1 審美歷程之因果類型..................................................................................68 表4.4-2 討論主題結束的判斷依據..........................................................................72 表4.5 探索性的留言資訊..........................................................................................73 表5.2 在地員工之樣本組成分析表..........................................................................79 表5.3 潛在因子組成關係(1/2)..................................................................................82 表5.3 潛在因子組成關係(2/2)..................................................................................83 表5.4-1 審美歷程模式整體配適度指標..................................................................84 表5.4-2 審美歷程結構模式之路徑係數檢定..........................................................85 表5.4-3 審美歷程模式之參數估計值與各組因素信度分析(1/2) ..........................88 表5.4-3 審美歷程模式之參數估計值與各組因素信度分析(2/2) ..........................89 表5.4-4 審美歷程模式內在配適度(1/2) ..................................................................90 表5.4-4 審美歷程模式內在配適度(2/2) ..................................................................91 表5.4-5 各審美構面區辨效度..................................................................................92 表5.5-1 非在地員工樣本_路徑係數檢定................................................................97 表5.5-2 兩群體因素恆等模型假設檢定..................................................................99 表5.5-3 工研院/非工研院_審美歷程之路徑係數比較檢定.................................100 表5.5-4 審美歷程之路徑係數比較檢定................................................................101 表5.5-5 不同社經背景特性之審美心理比較(1/2) .................................................104 表5.5-5 不同社經背景特性之審美心理比較(2/2) ................................................105 表6.1 研究假設與驗證結果彙整表.............................................110[[note]]學號: 695660018, 學年度: 9