[[alternative]]Comparing the anti-corruption between the both sides of Taiwan-strait

碩士[[abstract]]大陸地區目前尚建立在一元化的權力控制基礎上，行政部門相互之間無法形成有效的制約。因為權力缺少制衡，貪污問題變成共產黨內部高層權力鬥爭的一個導火線；而尋租活動的盛行和貪污腐敗現象已成為中國經濟深化改革的一大阻礙。台灣地區廉能的表現雖超越大陸地區，但在亞洲4小龍中僅勝過南韓，這也相當程度地說明，台灣地區在解決貪瀆問題上所挹注的努力，尚無法提昇與反映在國際評價指數表現上。 本論文針對兩岸肅貪政策及貪瀆問題作一比較性研究，在方法上以非介入性研究（Unobtrusive Research）之歷史／比較研究法為主體，注重立法之起源、發展、變遷的原理，期從歷史的紀錄中，發掘出問題癥結所在。另採用文獻分析法輔助之，從兩岸經濟、政治、文化之差異，比較彼此制度的異同；期能歸納出利弊得失與可行性建議，作為政策參考依據。論文內容主要以廉政制度的原理、組織、權限、救濟與監督分別研究，包括緒論、結論與建議，共分為七章，並於每一章或每一節中彙整感想，分別提出個人拙見與比較結果。 一、兩岸廉政工作之建制及法源依據比較：以廉政制度基本原理為探討重心 首先針對兩岸之建制，包含社經因素、政治背景等，探討其歷史沿革與發展，其次再就個別地區法源依據內容及特色詳細說明；最後，從貪污犯罪理論，分析其形成的原因、正反效果等探討。 二、兩岸廉政工作組織設計之比較：以廉政制度組織設計為探討重心，但囿於人員招募與培訓、預算經費來源等資料蒐集較為困難，僅透過網路資訊或諮詢管道，完成基礎性比較。 三、兩岸廉政工作權限運用之比較：以廉政制度權限運用為探討重心；針對兩岸行政職權與行政計畫，財產申報與利益衝突迴避等預防性陽光立法進行探討，次就行政指導與全民參與等作法進行分析。 四、兩岸廉政工作救濟措施之比較：完善的救濟管道是保障權利之要件。以廉政制度救濟善後為探討重心，先就行政救濟之法理基礎剖析，再針對兩岸行政救濟之法源依據介紹，再以二者之申訴處理、訴願程序、行政訴訟概況、遊說制度及國家賠償等措施概略比較。 五、兩岸廉政工作監督評核之比較：以廉政制度監督評核為探討重心，針對兩岸之內部監督、外部監督、內部評核、外部評核等項目，深入分析比較。[[abstract]]At present, the public administration in Mainland China region is still based on an unparalleled authority control system. It is unable to form an effective supervision mechanism between public affairs departments. Because the administrative power lacks of proper balance, corruption problem is becoming a fuse of high rank officer’s conflicts for struggling power inside Communist Party. The emerging trend of pursuing money and corruption phenomenon has become a major obstacle of economic revolution in China. Although Taiwan is better than Mainland China on the performance of anti-corruption, but only surpasses South Korea in the 4 Asia Little Dragons. This situation has fairly illustrated that the efforts spent on anti-corruption in Taiwan area can not promote the performance index on the international assessment. This thesis will aim at the comparison research on the anti-corruption analysis and problems between the both sides of Taiwan Strait and take the Unobtrusive Research as methodology to compare each other from history in the theme objects, especially concerning the principles of legislation origin, development and migration. It is expected to discover the key points of problems from the comparison of historic records. In addition, this thesis will adopt document analysis methods as auxiliary tool to compare the similarities and differences of each other''s systems from economy, politics and culture, and sum up the advantages and disadvantages and feasible suggestions for conducting policy decision reference. The contents of this thesis mainly cover the theory, organization, authority, recovery and supervision of anti corruption system. The subjects will be separately researched including introduction, conclusion and suggestion. This thesis is divided into seven chapter altogether. Every chapter or section will integrate the thoughts and comparative results, and raise personal opinions. 1.Comparing the organizational system and legislation origin of anti corruption at the both sides of Taiwan Strait: taking the basis theories of anti corruption system as key points, it researches the past history and development of the organizational system, including social and economic factors, political backgrounds etc., and then, it detailing explains the legislation origin, contents and characteristics. At last, it analyzes the causes of the formation and positive and negative effects of anti corruption from corruption theory. 2.Comparing the designation of anti corruption organization at the both sides of Taiwan Strait: taking the designation of anti corruption organization as key points, it accomplishes the basic comparison only through the information retrieved from internet or consulting channels due to the confinements and difficulties of collecting relevant information on the staff recruitment, training and budget of anti corruption organization at the both sides of Taiwan Strait. 3.Comparing the working authority of anti corruption at the both sides of Taiwan Strait: taking the working authority of anti corruption as key points, it researches the sunshine legislation including administrative authority and administrative projects, property declaration and interests conflicts avoiding etc. then analyze the measures of administrative direction and people’s participation. 4.Comparing the recovery measures of anti corruption at the both sides of Taiwan Strait: Proper recovery channel is an important condition to safeguard human right. Taking the recovery measures of anti corruption as key points, it analyzes the law foundations of administrative recovery. Then, it introduces the administrative recovery legal source and stands. At last, it roughly compares the recovery measures including complaint handling, appeal procedures, adminstrative litigation, lobbying system and national compensation etc. 5.Comparing the supervision and assessment of anti corruption at the both sides of Taiwan Strait: taking the supervision and assessment of anti corruption as key points, it deeply analyzes and compares the inside supervision, outside supervision, inside assessment and outside assessment at the both sides of Taiwan Strait.[[tableofcontents]]第一章緒論 第一節動機與目的..........................................1 第二節範圍與限制..........................................4 第三節方法與架構..........................................5 第四節名詞界定............................................7 第二章兩岸廉政工作之建制及法源依據比較 第一節貪污行為之影響及形成原因............................9 壹、貪污行為之影響 貳、貪污行為形成之原因 第二節兩岸廉政工作之建制.................................17 壹、大陸地區社經因素 貳、台灣地區社經因素 參、大陸地區政治背景 肆、台灣地區政治背景 第三節兩岸廉政工作之法源依據.............................25 壹、大陸地區法源依據 貳、台灣地區法源依據 第四節小結...............................................36 第三章兩岸廉政工作組織設計之比較 第一節層級架構分析.......................................37 壹、大陸地區廉政體制 貳、台灣地區廉政體制 第二節人員招募與培訓差異.................................46 壹、大陸地區之廉政人員招募與培訓 貳、台灣地區之廉政人員招募與培訓 第三節預算來源...........................................51 壹、大陸地區廉政工作預算來源 貳、台灣地區廉政工作預算來源 第四節小結...............................................54 第四章兩岸廉政工作權限運用之比較 第一節行政職權及行政計畫.................................55 壹、大陸地區行政職權及行政計畫 貳、台灣地區行政職權及行政計畫 第二節行政立法與陽光法案.................................66 壹、財產申報制度 貳、兩岸公職人員財產申報機制 參、利益迴避制度 第三節行政指導與民眾參與.................................80 壹、大陸地區之教育宣導及舉報制度 貳、台灣地區之教育宣導及檢舉制度 第四節小結...............................................86 第五章兩岸廉政工作救濟措施之比較 第一節行政救濟之意義及功能...............................89 壹、行政救濟之法理基礎 貳、行政救濟之分類 參、兩岸行政救濟之法源依據 第二節申訴處理與訴願程序.................................94 壹、大陸地區 貳、台灣地區 第三節行政訴訟概況......................................100 壹、大陸地區 貳、台灣地區 第四節國家賠償制度......................................105 壹、大陸地區國家賠償法概述 貳、台灣地區國家賠償法概述 第五節小結..............................................114 第六章兩岸廉政工作監督與評核之比較 第一節行政監督意義與範疇................................117 第二節內部監督..........................................118 壹、大陸地區內部監督 貳、台灣地區內部監督 參、兩岸廉政人員職期輪調制度 第三節外部監督..........................................127 壹、大陸地區外部監督 貳、台灣地區外部監督 第四節外部評核..........................................136 壹、國際透明組織之評核 貳、瑞士洛桑管理學院之評核 第五節內部評核..........................................140 壹、大陸地區內部評核 貳、台灣地區內部評核 第六節小結..............................................147 第七章總結與建議 第一節總結..............................................149 第二節建議..............................................154 參考書目................................................159[[note]]學號: 789260261, 學年度: 9