International audienceIn the context of a rising interest in the “defence of children” and an emphasis on early learning, the educational skills of childminders are disregarded from the outset, despite policies designed to reinforce a professional approach. How then can they establish their professional legitimacy in the educational field amongst parents who often prefer crèches for their children of walking age, which they believe are a better preparation for kindergarten? This article is based on two corpus of in-depth interviews with childminders (36 interviews in Loire-Atlantique and Haute-Vienne carried out between 2010 and 2014) and parents of young children (32 couples interviewed as part of a qualitative post-survey follow-up to the...