Optimization of a transcatheter heart valve frame using patient-specific computer simulation

Purpose This study proposes a new framework to optimize the design of a transcatheter aortic valve through patient-specific finite element and fluid dynamics simulation. Methods Two geometrical parameters of the frame, the diameter at ventricular inflow and the height of the first row of cells, were examined using the central composite design. The effect of those parameters on postoperative complications was investigated by response surface methodology, and a Nonlinear Programming by Quadratic Lagrangian algorithm was used in the optimization. Optimal and initial devices were then compared in 12 patients. The comparison was made in terms of device performance [i.e., reduced contact pressure on the atrioventricular conduction system and paravalvular aortic regurgitation (AR)]. Results Results suggest that large diameters and high cells favor higher anchoring of the device within the aortic root reducing the contact pressure and favor a better apposition of the device to the aortic root preventing AR. Compared to the initial device, the optimal device resulted in almost threefold lower predicted contact pressure and limited AR in all patients. Conclusions In conclusion, patient-specific modelling and simulation could help to evaluate device performance prior to the actual first-in-human clinical study and, combined with device optimization, could help to develop better devices in a shorter period