Effects of management and harvesting procedures on the quality of grassland fodder

V letu 2018 smo na Fakulteti za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede v Hočah izvedli raziskovalno delo. Raziskovalno delo je temeljijo na analiziranju vpliva načina gospodarjenja na travinju in postopkov spravila na kakovost krme. Na območju Podravske regije smo izvedli 30 anket na 30 kmetijah ter odvzeli vzorce krme. S pomočjo anketnega lista smo zbrali podatke o načinu gospodarjenja na travnikih (vrsti in količini uporabljenih gnojil, načinu gnojenja, število košenj, načinu spravila oz. sušenja krme). Na izbranih kmetijah smo tekom vegetacijske dobe rastlin v mesecih maju, juniju in juliju zbrali vzorce pridelane krme različnih košenj (seno in otava). Zbrane vzorce smo analizirali na Kmetijskem Inštitutu Slovenije (KIS) z NIR-om. Na podlagi spektrov in z uporabo splošne umeritvene enačbe za travniško krmo, smo pri vzorcih krme ocenili vsebnost surovih beljakovin, surove vlaknine, NDF, ADF, vsebnost pepela in surovih maščob. Na podlagi podatkov o kemični sestavi in prostornini plina smo s pomočjo uradne nemške regresijske enačbe izračunali neto energijo za laktacijo (NEL).Ugotavljamo, da v zbranih vzorcih krme ni značilnih razlik v izbranih parametrih kakovosti krme glede na število košenj, zaporedno košnjo, prisotnost padavin in število obračanj opravljenih na travinju. Le čas košnje značilno vpliva na količino surovih beljakovin v krmi. Krma košena zvečer jih vsebuje več kot krma, košena zjutraj.In the year 2018, a team at the Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences in Hoče did a research paper, in which the effect of management manner on grassland and the effect of different harvesting procedures on the quality of fodder were analyzed. In the Podravje region, 30 surveys on 30 farms we carried out, and we took examples of the fodder. With the survey, we collected information about management manners on meadows and grasslands, the type and the amount of fertilizers used, the fertilizing method, the number of grass cuttings and the fodder harvesting or drying method. During the vegetation phases of the plants in May, June and July, examples of farmed fodder from the first and the second grass cutting from selected farms were collected. The collected examples were analyzed via NIR at the Agricultural Institute of Slovenia. With spectrums and the use of the general measurement formula, the raw proteins content, raw fibre content, NDF, ADF, ash content and raw fat content in the examples of fodder were evaluated. Based on the information about the chemical structure and gas volume, we calculated the net energy value, with the official German regression formula.No significant differences in the collected feed samples of the selected parameters of feed quality, in terms of number of cuts, successive mowing, presence of precipitation and number of grassland turns were found. Only the mowing time significantly affected the amount of raw protein in the feed. The fodder mown in the evening contains more raw protein than the fodder mown in the morning