Estudios funcionales de hachas y azuelas de piedra neolíticas. Programa experimental y aplicaciones metodológicas

[EN] This paper reports the results of a series of recent experiments in which stone adzes and axes were used in woodworking, butchering, hide processing and hoeing activities. The aim of this work is to describe progress in the differentiation between the various kinds of use-wear on polished stone surfaces. The ultimate objective is to create a reference collection suitable for performing the use-wear analysis on polished adzes and axes discovered in archaeological contexts. Particularly, we wish to contribute to the understanding of the role that these tools played in the different economic and ritual activities of the Neolithic communities living in the North East of the Iberian Peninsula around the middle of the 5th and 4th millennium cal. BC.[ES] El presente artículo viene a exponer los resultados de una serie de experimentos llevados a cabo usando hachas y azuelas en diversas actividades de trabajo de la ma- dera, procesado de pieles, descuartizado de animales y cavado de la tierra. Describir nuestros avances a la hora de discriminar las distintas huellas de uso formadas en las superficies líticas después de cada experimento es el objetivo de esta exposición. En última instancia nuestra finalidad es crear una colección de referencia que nos permita llevar a cabo el análisis funcional de hachas y azuelas arqueológicas. Particularmente, nos interesa crear herramientas para efectuar una aproximación más exacta a la participación de este tipo de útiles en las actividades de tipo ritual y económico que tuvieron lugar entre las comunidades del NE de la Península Ibérica entre el 5.º y el 4.º milenio AC.The authors would like to thank the members of the IMF-CSIC Laboratory of Prehistoric Technology for their constant help and infrastructural facilities. We also want to thank Leonor Peña, who provided the initial funding to start the experimental programme and the project “Origins and spread of agriculture in the south-western Mediterranean region” (European Research Council). Finally, this research has been carried out thanks to the Generalitat de Catalunya PhD fellowship FI-DGR and the support of the members of the History and Art History Department of the University of Girona, to whom we are especially grateful.Peer reviewe