臺灣高風力占比下機組調度研究與發電機彈性規劃;Study of Unit Commitment and Generation Flexibility Planning for Taiwan Power System with A High Wind Power Penetration

[[abstract]]本論文主要探討台灣系統面臨高風力占比下的機組調度與因應風力變動的機組彈性需求，並提出一套機制評估新機組特性並規劃新機組以提高系統調度之彈性。本論文以台電公司現有的火力發電機組為例，藉由機組排程與機組彈性補償機制來評估新增機組所需具備的特性。本文首先建立台電火力機組模型(包含複循環和普通機組)與系統運轉限制條件。為了因應風力變動與不確定性，本文採用動態備轉容量規劃；由風力預測、負載、以及最大單一機組容量來規劃每小時的備轉容量。接著由預先規劃的備轉容量、預測風力發電量、以及負載進行機組排程並使用彈性補償機制評估系統缺乏的彈性與新機組擴增的需求。本論文的主要目的在於展示未來台灣高風力占比下的機組調度，包含備轉容量的規劃、機組發電與系統發電成本；同時，藉由彈性補償機制來評估新機組的能力特性以補足現有機組不足的彈性，提高未來高風力占比下的系統調度彈性與降低發電成本。本論文的研究成果可提供給台電公司參考，作為因應未來高占比風力系統下對於機組調度的影響評估以及機組擴增計畫的新機組特性建議。 This thesis focuses on the topic about the unit commitment and unit flexibilities in the possible high wind-power penetration system in Taiwan. To cope with wind power uncertainty and variation, the thesis develops a method to evaluate the unit flexibilities in an existing system with system flexibility compensation mechanism in the Taipower system. First, the thesis develops the unit commitment models, including Combined-Cycled Generation (CCG) units and non-CCG units with system operational limitations. Second, the thesis applies the dynamic reserve models to plan hourly spinning reserve that can cover the uncertainties on wind power and load, as well as N-1 security criterion. Third, the system flexibility-compensation mechanism is used to evaluate the insufficiency of flexibility and the requirement for generation expansion planning. The main target of the thesis is to demonstrate the possible system operation in Taiwan with a high wind power penetration condition, including spinning reserve planning, power generation and operational cost. Moreover, by the system flexibility-compensation mechanism, system operators can not only realize the shortage of flexibility from existing generation units but also obtain the information about the capabilities of new units. With sufficient flexibility, the system operational cost will decrease effectively. The results of the thesis can provide the system operator with advises for the generation expansion planning in a high wind power penetration system in the future