How Not to Build a CubeSat – Lessons Learned from Developing and Launching NMSU\u27s First CubeSat

Ionospheric Neutron Content Analyzer (INCA), a student led CubeSat project at New Mexico State University (NMSU). INCA is launching on NASA’s ELaNa 20 mission carrying a neutron detector designed and built by NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center. The INCA mission is the first spacecraft built by New Mexico State University in many years, as such, the program was essentially started from scratch with minimal pre-existing resources. While eventually successful, INCA took many missteps along the way, starting out as a 6U, eventually being completely redesigned to a 3U, before launching after around six years of development. This paper documents INCA’s design, build, and early operations, along the way the team learned many lessons about designing and building a small satellite in the context of a university program. This paper is targeted at new university teams considering starting a mission, documenting best practices learned by the INCA team, and some pitfalls to avoid