Genome-wide association meta-analysis in 269,867 individuals identifies new genetic and functional links to intelligence
- Savage, Jeanne E.
- Jansen, Philip R.
- Stringer, Sven
- Watanabe, Kyoko
- Bryois, Julien
- de Leeuw, Christiaan A.
- Nagel, Mats
- Awasthi, Swapnil
- Barr, Peter B.
- Coleman, Jonathan R. I.
- Grasby, Katrina L.
- Hammerschlag, Anke R.
- Kaminski, Jakob A.
- Karlsson, Robert
- Krapohl, Eva
- Lam, Max
- Nygaard, Marianne
- Reynolds, Chandra A.
- Trampush, Joey W.
- Young, Hannah
- Zabaneh, Delilah
- Hagg, Sara
- Hansell, Narelle K.
- Karlsson, Ida K.
- Linnarsson, Sten
- Montgomery, Grant W.
- Munoz-Manchado, Ana B.
- Quinlan, Erin B.
- Schumann, Gunter
- Skene, Nathan G.
- Webb, Bradley T.
- White, Tonya
- Arking, Dan E.
- Avramopoulos, Dimitrios
- Bilder, Robert M.
- Bitsios, Panos
- Burdick, Katherine E.
- Cannon, Tyrone D.
- Chiba-Falek, Ornit
- Christoforou, Andrea
- Cirulli, Elizabeth T.
- Congdon, Eliza
- Corvin, Aiden
- Davies, Gail
- Deary, Ian J.
- DeRosse, Pamela
- Dickinson, Dwight
- Djurovic, Srdjan
- Donohoe, Gary
- Conley, Emily Drabant
- Eriksson, Johan G.
- Espeseth, Thomas
- Freimer, Nelson A.
- Giakoumaki, Stella
- Giegling, Ina
- Gill, Michael
- Glahn, David C.
- Hariri, Ahmad R.
- Hatzimanolis, Alex
- Keller, Matthew C.
- Knowles, Emma
- Koltai, Deborah
- Konte, Bettina
- Lahti, Jari
- Le Hellard, Stephanie
- Lencz, Todd
- Liewald, David C.
- London, Edythe
- Lundervold, Astri J.
- Malhotra, Anil K.
- Melle, Ingrid
- Morris, Derek
- Need, Anna C.
- Ollier, William
- Palotie, Aarno
- Payton, Antony
- Pendleton, Neil
- Poldrack, Russell A.
- Räikkönen, Katri
- Reinvang, Ivar
- Roussos, Panos
- Rujescu, Dan
- Sabb, Fred W.
- Scult, Matthew A.
- Smeland, Olav B.
- Smyrnis, Nikolaos
- Starr, John M.
- Steen, Vidar M.
- Stefanis, Nikos C.
- Straub, Richard E.
- Sundet, Kjetil
- Tiemeier, Henning
- Voineskos, Aristotle N.
- Weinberger, Daniel R.
- Widen, Elisabeth
- Yu, Jin
- Abecasis, Goncalo
- Andreassen, Ole A.
- Breen, Gerome
- Christiansen, Lene
- Debrabant, Birgit
- Dick, Danielle M.
- Heinz, Andreas
- Hjerling-Leffler, Jens
- Ikram, M. Arfan
- Kendler, Kenneth S.
- Martin, Nicholas G.
- Medland, Sarah E.
- Pedersen, Nancy L.
- Plomin, Robert
- Polderman, Tinca J. C.
- Ripke, Stephan
- van der Sluis, Sophie
- Sullivan, Patrick F.
- Vrieze, Scott I.
- Wright, Margaret J.
- Posthuma, Danielle
DOIAbstract
Intelligence is highly heritable(1) and a major determinant of human health and well-being(2). Recent genome-wide meta-analyses have identified 24 genomic loci linked to variation in intelligence3-7, but much about its genetic underpinnings remains to be discovered. Here, we present a large-scale genetic association study of intelligence (n = 269,867), identifying 205 associated genomic loci (190 new) and 1,016 genes (939 new) via positional mapping, expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) mapping, chromatin interaction mapping, and gene-based association analysis. We find enrichment of genetic effects in conserved and coding regions and associations with 146 nonsynonymous exonic variants. Associated genes are strongly expressed in the b...
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