The short treatise Of the Conduct of the Understanding (written by Locke in 1697 and published in 1706), sets out a conception of the art of thinking which, in some respects, is original within the intellectual context of the second half of the 17th century. One of the main particular features of this text is the way reason is presented not as an innate and natural faculty but rather as the laboriously acquired, artificial product of the methodical conduct of human understanding. Another striking feature comes in the formative role played in this process of access to rationality by the progressive acquisition of habits and mental automatisms which involve cerebr...