Connecting Rod Forces In the Horizontal Engine

Four equations define the effects of gravity, linkage and piston geometry, engine speed, inertia and mass of the rod and piston, thickness and viscosity of the oil film, and pressure in the crankcase and the combustion chamber. The equations were programmed for automatic digital computation, with typical values for the 15 parameters. The results are illustrated by graphs of the piston-head pressure and the tensile and normal forces acting on each end of the rod as functions of crankshaft rotation