バングラデシュにおける土地保有制度と農業生産に関する研究 : バサイル地区を事例に

Land is a very important factor of production in an agricultural developing country like Bangladesh. Land reform ordinance 1984 was formulated and declared by the government of Bangladesh in due respect for the improvement of agricultural production as well as the proper utilization of agricultural lands in the country by properly addressing the tenancy issue of share cropped land. The academic contribution of this thesis lies in evaluation of implementation and agricultural production aspect of this land reform ordinance 1984, which is a very important issue in the national perspective of Bangladesh. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the various aspects of land tenure arrangements on agricultural production based on with and without implementation of land reform ordinance 1984. The study area was selected at Basail Upzila (sub- district) of Tangail district in Bangladesh, as the farmers of this Upazila have location advantages in farming those can represent the various regional characteristics of land tenure arrangements in the country, including cropping patterns and other concerned issues in farming. Other related aspects those affect on land tenure and agricultural production were also assessed. Data were collected from 150 respondents of equally 50 from each category of owner, owner cum tenant and tenant farmers. This data were collected from January to March, 2013 by stratified random sampling technique based on the cultivated crops in a cropping year. Then the collected data were analyzed by statistical analytical software Stata 13. There are two core chapters (Chapter 5 and 6) have been incorporated in this thesis. These include analyses of various aspects of agricultural production, according to land tenure arrangements. This Thesis has attempted to locate the most relevant theoretical models to explain the econometric outcomes in the relevant chapters. The first core chapter (chapter 5) attempts to analyze the agricultural production in the different land tenure arrangements of Basail Upazila of Tangail district in Bangladesh. This study shows that output sharing is conducted according to this legal provision of land reform ordinance 1984 but input cost sharing are not practiced accordingly in share cropped land. Those lead the tenant farmers (share croppers) in lack of proper incentive. That is revealed in benefit cost ratio and analysis of variance of net revenue of the farmers. From this analysis of variance, it is found that there is a statistically significant difference from zero among the net revenue of owner, owner cum tenant and tenant farmers. Again, this benefit cost ratio in owner cum tenant mortgaged land is higher than that of both the owner cum tenant or tenant share cropped lands. This indicates the potentiality to transform share cropped land into mortgaged land for the cultivators. The second core chapter (chapter 6) identifies the technical efficiency of different categories of farmers. From this study it is found that there is a statistically significant difference from zero among the technical efficiency of various categories of cultivated land of the farmers. This technical efficiency becomes higher in share cropped lands if input cost is shared by the land owner according to the legal provision of land reform ordinance 1984. It is also found significantly positive influence of credit on this technical efficiency. From the above mentioned various analysis, it can be holistically detected that, proper implementation of land reform ordinance 1984 is needed for achieving the proper incentive in cultivation of share cropped land, enhancement of technical efficiency, Profitability in crop cultivation for the cultivators as well as for the better outcome of agricultural production in Bangladesh.広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(学術)Doctor of Philosophydoctora