Re-evaluating the factor structure of the self-assessed wisdom scale (saws)

Background. Although wisdom is a desirable developmental goal, researchers often lack valid and reliable construct measures. Webster’s (2007) popular 40-item five factor SAWS structure has had mixed support in the literature. We tested this factor structure, and age group equivalencies. We also examined whether the SAWS Openness dimension is a wisdom precursor, as proposed by other models of wisdom. Methods. Data from 709 respondents were randomly split into two. We performed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on Sample 1. If the model did not fit the data, then exploratory factor analysis (EFA) on Sample 2 would offer an alternative model that could be confirmed on Sample 1. Structural equation models analysed Openness as a SAWS antecedent and a wisdom component. Multigroup CFA tested invariance across age groups. Results. The SAWS failed to replicate in the initial CFA. We extracted a 12-item four factor EFA solution, which excluded Humour factor. Openness as a wisdom component was a better model than as antecedent. Implications. The 12-item four factor model clarifies the key components of the SAWS and can be used across the adult lifespan as different age groups are invariant. We suggest Openness is better understood as a component of the SAWS