Monetary analysis: The question of the nature and the role of moneyAbstract: The basic representation of economic activity usually consists of a set of markets, where agents supply and demand goods. One mechanism, generally price variations, makes total supply equal to total demand on every market. Such a situation is defined as equilibrium. Due to the still unresolved difficulties to prove convergence towards equilibrium, this paper aims to provide an alternative basic representation. Given that a set of markets in equilibrium is a representation stemming from real analysis, where goods are the starting point of every theorization, the alternative representation is built upon money. The latter as a starting point thus gives rise to monetar...