Evaluación del potencial probiótico de bacterias ácido lácticas para reducir el colesterol in vitro

Daily consumption of probiotics reduce levels of serum cholesterol by up to 3%, which is significant to prevent hypercholesterolemia, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and cause of mortality. The genus Lactobacillus is used in industry as a probiotic and some species reduce serum cholesterol by two mechanisms, the adsorption of cholesterol and the production of the enzyme bile salt hydrolase, which vary according to species. The aim of the study was to assess the ability of probiotic bacteria group isolated from coast serum. 53 strains were isolated from nine coastal serum sample; the sensitivity to cefoxitin and vancomycin, and the tolerance to pH 2.0 and 0.3% bile salts were evaluated to determine its probiotic potential. Five microorganisms were selected and molecularly identified as Lactobacillus fermentum. The ability to absorb cholesterol measured by the method of Kimoto, showed a reduction of 53.06 �} 2.69 �Êg.mL-1 for strain K73 and 7.23 �} 2.69 �Êg. mL-1 for K75. These same strains showed the highest total and specific activity of the enzyme. The results didn�Lt show a relationship between the production of enzyme and adsorption of cholesterol. The strain with the greatest probiotic potential was K73. This hypocholesterolemic property will give strains added value to start the search for food matrices that allow decreasing serum cholesterol levels.El consumo diario de alimentos probioticos reduce los niveles de colesterol serico en un 3%, valor significativo para la prevencion de la hipercolesterolemia, factor de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular y causal de mortalidad. Algunas especies del genero Lactobacillus, utilizadas en la industria alimentaria como probiotico, reducen el colesterol serico por dos mecanismos, la adsorcion de colesterol y produccion de la enzima hidrolasa de sales biliares. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el potencial probiotico de un grupo de bacterias lacticas aisladas de suero costeno. Se aislaron 53 cepas a partir de nueve muestras de suero costeno; el potencial probiotico de las bacterias se evaluo por tolerancia a pH 2.0, 0.3% de sales biliares y sensibilidad a vancomicina y cefoxitin. Se seleccionaron cinco microorganismos y se identificaron molecularmente, como Lactobacillus fermentum. La capacidad de adsorber el colesterol medida por el metodo de Kimoto, presento disminucion de 53.06 �} 2.69 �Êg.mL-1 para la cepa K73 y 7.23 �} 2.69 �Êg.mL-1 para la cepa K75. Esas mismas cepas mostraron la mayor actividad total y especifica de la enzima. Los resultados evidenciaron que no existe relacion entre la produccion de la enzima y la adsorcion del colesterol. La cepa con mayor potencial probiotico fue K73. La propiedad hipocolesterolemica de Lactobacillus fermentum, podria ser el inicio de la busqueda de matrices alimentarias que permitan disminuir los niveles del colesterol serico y adicionen valor agregado al producto