Las pyme en América Latina, Japón, la Unión Europea, Estados Unidos y los clúster en Colombia

One of the main challenges for Latin American industries is to adapt its production processes and services delivery demanded by the international economy in trade integration agreements. But, is Latin American SME competitive with those of Japan, Europe and North America? Or rather, the industry in Latin America and Colombia has the same technological capabilities and industry competitiveness of countries that have signed the FTA? That is to say, the countries around the world have the same classification of SME? If not, what implications and economic effects have in the domestic industry? How competition between countries is affected when a different classification or characterization of the industry is used? Who wins and who loses the most?To respond to these concerns research will begin by finding out what the SME and how it ranks in Latin America, Japan, United States and European Union. The methodology used is that of tracing bibliography available from the sources of Chambers of Commerce national and international. After, will be discussed the business policy of the cluster as a strategy for competitiveness of domestic SMES. The methodology used was the interview with cluster experts Bogota, Atlantic, Pereira and Medellin. Finally, for conclusion we will answer the question: How can agricultural microenterprises be competitive without losing land ownership nor the internal resources to do business based on its comparative advantages in international markets? Through the organization and management the community cluster.se comenzará por averiguar qué es la pyme y cómo se clasifica en Latinoamérica, Japón, Estados Unidos y la Unión Europea. La metodología seguida es la del rastreo bibliográfico disponible en las fuentes de cámaras de comercio nacionales e internacionales. Después se analizará la política empresarial de los clúster como estrategia de competitividad de las pyme nacionales. La metodología seguida fue la entrevista con expertos en clúster de Bogotá, Atlántico, Pereira y Medellín. Para concluir, se responderá la pregunta: ¿cómo pueden las microempresas agrícolas ser competitivas sin perder la propiedad del suelo, ni los recursos internos para hacer empresa a partir de sus ventajas comparativas en mercados internacionales? Una respuesta posible es que pueden lograrlo a través de la conformación, organización y gerencia de clúster comunitarios, lo que demanda de una amplia participación política comunitaria