Considering cooperation contracts in the supply chain of perishable goods using game theory

In various activities of components and levels of a supply chain to improve the overall state of the system, many contradictions are seen between the objectives of the components and the various levels in achieving the overall goals of the supply chain, which, over time, contribute to a reduction in the power and competitiveness of the supply chain. The interaction between the two parts of the supply chain determines items such as batch size, order quantity, bid price, and final price. Each of the above points is discussed in the bargaining process of the parties and the final contracts is reached in pursuance of the goals of each of the parties. A plethora of models exists in solving problems and interaction issues between retailers and producers in the supply chain considering many factors, such as cost factors or issues related to the principles of competition between the two parties. The use of game theory to create cooperation between the parties in the supply chain leads to the determination of the equilibrium point, in which the optimal batch size, the bid price, the amount of deficiency, as well as the optimal final price are determined by considering the moves and consequences of each party. Moreover, and from another angle of supply chain, the supply chain of perishable goods has always been one of the most important and challenging issues of supply chain management at different times. Proper design of the supply chain will have optimal impacts on the performance of the system, as inappropriate design will cause many problems. Perishing of goods, in addition to being economically damaging to enterprises, increases environmental damage and leading to further pollution of the environment