Comportamiento preliminar de clones enanos precoces de merey (Anacardium occidentale L.) CCP-76 y CCP-1001 en la planicie de Maracaibo, Venezuela

Cashew, fruit crop of high social and economic importance for several countries, it has been cultivated in Venezuela, specifically in the east, extending to the state of Zulia, to collect favorable conditions for its production. For this reason, it was established gardens of early-dwarf cashew clones introduced from INIA Anzoategui, El Tigre, to evaluate the phenological and productive traits of CCP-76 and CPC-1001 of cashew clones (Anacardium occidentale L.) under climatic conditions of the Maracaibo plain. Data were analized as a repeated factor measures design time (months of production), where the factor main varieties was located as plants random lots planted with eight plants/clone. Analysis of variance for each of the studied variables was done, using the Tukey to make multiple comparisons of means of clones to the level = 0.05. In the first year of production (February-August), were taken and studied the vegetative variables: plant height, crown radius and calculated the lateral surface and canopy volume. To evaluate the production variables: monthly and annual number of fruits per plant, weight of fruits per plant per year and the components of fruits: average biomass of fruits, average weight of apple and average weight of then nuts, were harvested of fruits / plant /clone biweekly during the study period. A record of weather conditions during the period studied was done. There were no significant differences between clones in the vegetative variables; however, the clone CCP-1001 presented a better performance than the clone CCP-76. For all production variables, significant differences (P <0.05) were found where the clone CCP-76, showed higher biomass average of the fruits, apple fruits and nuts weight than CCP-1001. The clone CCP-76 obtained the best performance under agro ecological conditions.El merey, cultivo de elevada importancia economica y social para algunos paises, se ha venido cultivando en Venezuela y especificamente en el oriente, extendiendose hacia el estado Zulia, por reunir condiciones favorables para su explotacion. Por esta razon se establecieron huertos clonales enanos precoces introducidos desde INIA Anzoategui, El Tigre, para evaluar las caracteristicas fenologicas (vegetativas) y productivas de los clones CCP-76 y CCP-1001 de merey (Anacardium occidentale L.) bajo las condiciones climaticas de la planicie de Maracaibo. Los datos se analizaron como un diseno de medidas repetidas en el factor Tiempo (meses de produccion), donde el factor principal variedades se localizo como plantas al azar en lotes sembrados con ocho plantas/clon. Se realizo un analisis de varianza para cada una de las variables estudiadas. Se utilizo la prueba de Tukey para hacer comparaciones multiples de medias de clones al nivel =0,05. Durante el primer ano de produccion (febrero- agosto) se midieron las variables vegetativas: altura de planta, radio de copa y se calculo la superficie lateral y volumen de copa. Para evaluar las variables productivas: numero de frutos mensuales y anuales por planta, peso de frutos mensuales y anuales de frutos por planta y los componentes de frutos: biomasa promedio de frutos, peso promedio de pseudofrutos y peso promedio de nueces, se .realizo la cosecha de frutos/planta/clon quincenalmente durante el periodo de estudio. Ademas, se llevo un registro de las condiciones climaticas presentes. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los clones en las variables vegetativas, sin embargo, el clon CCP-1001 presento un mejor comportamiento que el clon CCP-76. Para todas las variables productivas, se encontraron diferencias significativas (P<0,05) donde el clon CCP-76, presento mayores valores en comparacion con el clon CCP-1001. Para los componentes de frutos se encontraron diferencias significativas (P